A Review of the Measures and Instruments to Promote Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Domestic Water Heating

Abstract

This paper identifies and characterizes the technical measures and policy instruments that can be used to promote energy efficiency and the use of renewable sources for domestic hot water (DHW). DHW presents a considerable potential for abatement of greenhouse gas emissions around the world. Measures were characterized in terms of level of transformation, impact and scope, among others. Policy instruments were characterized in terms of target groups, competences required for implementation, major challenges and nature of the instruments. A matrix showing the applicability of policy instruments per technical measure was derived, enabling policy makersto better choose articulated measures and policy instruments for their policy packs.

Buildings Energy Efficiency and Innovative Energy Systems

“…In "A Review of the Measures and Instruments to Promote Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Domestic Water Heating", Ortiz et al reviewed and systematized the technical measures and policy instruments that can be used to promote energy efficiency and the use of renewable sources for domestic hot water. A matrix showing the applicability of policy instruments per technical measure was derived, enabling policymakers to better choose articulated measures and policy instruments for their policy packs [8]. D. Ortiz was the first author of another policy design article, "Energy Policy Concerns, Objectives and Indicators: A Review towards a Framework for Effectiveness Assessment".…”

Power-to-Ships: Future electricity and hydrogen demands for shipping on the Atlantic coast of Europe in 2050

“…This high volume of ships implies a significant amount of GHGs and other harmful emissions being secreted in the region [65,66]. In this sense, projects have been launched in this area to promote hydrogen [67][68][69][70] and some companies have developed fuel cell ships [71,72] or use hydrogen as a fuel or as auxiliary support, combined with renewable energy technologies [73].…”