IntroductionStudies of information needs, seeking, and use (INSU) make up approximately eight percent of research literature in library and information science (LIS) (Julien & Duggan, 2000). Over the past 20 years or so, this subfield of LIS has acknowledged a shift in focus from the study of people interacting directly with information systems to the study of the people themselves and how they seek and use information independently of specific sources and systems (Pettigrew, Fidel, & Bruce, 20011. The "user-centered paradigm" not only emphasizes the understanding of information practices from the human standpoint but also views these practices as a process that takes place within specified situations and contexts (Vakkari, Savolainen, & Dervin, 1997;Wilson & Allen, 1999).However, conceptualizing context for the study of information needs, seeking, and use remains problematic for INSU researchers. What elements constitute a context? How are contexts understood by their participants? How and why do they change? How should information needs, seeking, and use be studied from a user-centered standpoint and in context? Although there is general agreement that context constitutes a frame of reference for information behavior ) there is little agreement within the INSU literature as to how such a frame is established by or for the actor group1 in question or how it operates with regard to information practices. In spite of a growing emphasis on the problem of context, most INSU literature fails to address it theoretically (Dervin, 1997;Johnson, 2003;Lueg, 2002).The purpose of this review is to contribute to research on information seeking in context by examining and comparing existing models of context in this field and analyzing how context has been conceptualized in current INSU empirical research. This chapter expands and further develops previous ARIST reviews of INSU literature: in particular, chapters by Allen 273 274 Annual Review of Information Science and Technology as well as recent INSU reviews by Julien and Duggan (20001, Case (2002), andMcKechnie, Baker, Greenwood, andJulien (2002).The research selected for this review includes many of the papers published in the proceedings of five recent biennial conferences on "Information Seeking in Context,"2 as well as other published refereed literature in library and information science that foregrounds context as an aspect of INSU research. Due to the recent growth in contextcentered studies, the emphasis in this chapter is on literature published over the past 10 years; nevertheless, earlier context-centered models will be brought in for discussion as appropriate. Furthermore, in keeping with the user-centered stance that information seekers should be viewed holistically (Dervin & Nilan, 1986), this review has excluded research in which context is limited to an electronic surround (i.e., a Web site or screen interface) as well as research limited to information retrieval (i.e., the study of persons already engaged with an information system) (cf. Savolainen, 19...