A Review of the Literature of Surgical and Nonsurgical Treatments of Invasive Squamous Cells Carcinoma

Abstract

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is an increasing public health problem. It is a primary malignant skin tumor with Malpighian differentiation and together with basal cell carcinoma is classified among nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). cSCC usually occurs on photoexposed areas, such as the head, the neck, and the extremities, and its incidence increases with age. Invasive forms of this skin tumor tend to be more aggressive showing a higher metastatic potential, usually regarding regional lymph nodes. Treatment options for invasive cSCCs include both surgical and nonsurgical options. The therapeutic choice depends on several factors, such as anatomic location, risk factors for tumor recurrence, age, and health status of the patient. This review aims to provide an overview of the current evidence on therapeutic surgical and nonsurgical management of invasive cSCC.

Deciphering UV‐induced DNA Damage Responses to Prevent and Treat Skin Cancer

“…As is true in general for cancer therapy, treatment of NMSCs depends on the clinical stages of cancers (188,189). Complete surgical excision, destruction with cryotherapy or topical agent is the first‐line treatment for skin cancer when a lesion has not yet invaded deeper structures ( in situ ) (190). Alternatively, radiotherapy may be used for cSCCs when surgery is contraindicated, when cSCC is metastasized, or when surgical excision was unable to completely clear marginal tissue of carcinoma (190).…”

“…Complete surgical excision, destruction with cryotherapy or topical agent is the first‐line treatment for skin cancer when a lesion has not yet invaded deeper structures ( in situ ) (190). Alternatively, radiotherapy may be used for cSCCs when surgery is contraindicated, when cSCC is metastasized, or when surgical excision was unable to completely clear marginal tissue of carcinoma (190). However, radiotherapy is contraindicated when cSCC is found at a previously irradiated, traumatized or poorly vascularized site, or when advanced lesions invade bones, joints or tendons (190).…”

“…Alternatively, radiotherapy may be used for cSCCs when surgery is contraindicated, when cSCC is metastasized, or when surgical excision was unable to completely clear marginal tissue of carcinoma (190). However, radiotherapy is contraindicated when cSCC is found at a previously irradiated, traumatized or poorly vascularized site, or when advanced lesions invade bones, joints or tendons (190). When cSCC is contraindicated for surgery or radiotherapy or is unresolved after surgery or radiotherapy, chemotherapy may be indicated.…”

A massive squamous cell carcinoma on the tip of the nose

“…Moreover, in our case, no metastasis was found according to the results obtained from the examination of neck lymph nodes and computed tomography scan (7). There are some treatments for SCC, including radiotherapy, topical chemotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, and surgery (8). In our case, the surgical treatment and radiotherapy were performed due to the results of examination and dimensions of the lesion.…”

A fuzzy logic based approach for prediction of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma among the data of skin cancer

“…It happens because of the keratinization of the epidermal cells and can metastasize to different locales of the body. The introduction of squamous cell carcinoma can happen on any region of the body, yet is generally normal in regions that are habitually presented to bright (UV) radiation, for example, the ears, lips, face, neck, head, arms and legs [9]. Squamous cell carcinoma is the aftereffect of delayed introduction to bright (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds and lights.…”