A review of the literature on childhood Burkitt lymphoma in Nigeria

B, Brown

doi:10.4314/njp.v43i1.1

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Though said to be the most common childhood malignant tumour in Nigeria, Burkitt lymphoma was not common in the present study as well as in the afore mentioned Lagos series as it represented 2.2% and 1.1% of cancers seen respectively [14,25]. The decline in the frequency of Burkitt lymphoma in some centres within Nigeria has been reported, and has been attributed to improvement in living conditions and better malaria control measures, given the role of malaria in endemic Burkitt lymphoma [14,25].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…On the other hand, Burkitt lymphoma (26.2%) was the most prevalent cancer among children in the Uyo study, followed by nephroblastoma (14.3%), and was 3rd most frequent cancer (13.2%), after retinoblastoma (26.4%) and rhabdomyosarcoma (14.3%) in a study in Ibadan [16,24]. Though said to be the most common childhood malignant tumour in Nigeria, Burkitt lymphoma was not common in the present study as well as in the afore mentioned Lagos series as it represented 2.2% and 1.1% of cancers seen respectively [14,25]. The decline in the frequency of Burkitt lymphoma in some centres within Nigeria has been reported, and has been attributed to improvement in living conditions and better malaria control measures, given the role of malaria in endemic Burkitt lymphoma [14,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

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Childhood Cancers in a Tertiary Centre, Southern Nigeria: Spectrum and Outcome of Treatment

Eke

Ugwueze

Akani

2021

JCTI

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Introduction: Though childhood cancers are often amenable to cure even with simple and safe protocols, survival rate is still very low in many low- and middle-income countries where nearly 80% of children with cancer reside. Objective: To ascertain the pattern and outcome of treatment of childhood cancers in a tertiary centre in southern Nigeria. Methodology: All cases of childhood cancer admitted into the Paediatric Oncology unit of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital from January 2011 to November 2019 were reviewed. Their demographics, diagnosis, treatment modalities and outcomes were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: A total of 266 cases were analysed: 151(56.8%) males and 115(43.2%) females, with M:F ratio of 1.3:1, aged 1 month to 14 years. Majority (44.7%) were in the 1-4 years age bracket. The majority of children who presented more than 20 weeks after onset of symptoms had retinoblastoma. The most common cancers were acute leukaemias (23%), nephroblastoma (22.1%) and rhabdomyosarcoma (11.6%). Many subjects abandoned treatment (44.4%), and mortality was recorded in 45.1% of the study population. Conclusion: The distribution of the childhood cancers in this study is similar with report of the population based Port Harcourt Cancer Registry, with acute leukaemias, nephroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma as most common malignancies encountered. Rates of abandonment of treatment and mortality were high.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Childhood Cancers in a Tertiary Centre, Southern Nigeria: Spectrum and Outcome of Treatment

Eke

Ugwueze

Akani

2021

JCTI

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“…1 In Nigeria, it is one of the most common cause of admissions for childhood malignancies with hospital prevalence ranging between 18.3 and 65 percent of all paediatric cancer-related admissions. 2 Previous study from AKTH reported 29.8% prevalence of BL in a retrospective cohort of children admitted with malignancy 3 . Burkitt lymphoma is potentially curable disease, with cure rate exceeding 90% in high-income settings however, in low income countries where majority of affected children live, the cure rate is less than 35%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Treatment outcome and abandonment rates in a retrospective cohort of children with Burkitt lymphoma in Kano, Nigeria

Abdullahi¹,

Ibrahim²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2019

Nig. J. Paed.

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Background: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is highly chemotherapy-sensitive tumor and one of most common childhood cancers in Nigeria. Unlike in high income settings where cure rate is very high, the outcome of children with BL is still poor in low income countries like Nigeria. The main contributing factor to disparity in survival rate is treatment abandonment (TA). This study aimed to determine treatment outcomes and TA rates in a retrospective cohort of Nigerian children admitted with BL. Methodology: We conducted retrospective charts review of all children (<13 years) with BL admitted at paediatric oncology unit of AKTH between January1 st , 2014 and December 31 st , 2016. Data extracted from patients' medical chart records included age, gender, duration of symptoms, clinical stage of tumor, and treatment outcome. Results: 63 children with diagno-sis of BL were admitted during the study time period, of which 56 (88.9%) medical records were retrieved and included in the final analysis. The median age was 8 years (range 3 -18 years), with a male: female ratio of 1.6:1. Only eight patients completed therapy without relapse (14.3%). Of those who did not complete planned therapy, 7(14.6) died prior to the completion of therapy, leaving 41 (85.4%) who met criteria for TA. Conclusion: Treatment completion and overall survival rates are poor among children with BL, due to in part high treatment abandonment rate. Leaving outside the treatment is a significant predictor of TA. Local oncology services might need to be decentralized in our environment to substantially reduced abandonment to improve overall survival.

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“…It may actually not be surprising that Burkittt's lymphoma is on the decline because of efforts been made in African towards the eradication of malaria which play a role in its pathogenesis [60,61,62]. It is possible that the decline in Bukitt's lymphoma is a reflection of the gains been achieved [60,61,62]. More so Ocheni et al [18] and Ojesina et al [19] in eastern and western Nigeria respectively have all demonstrated similar decline in Burktt's lymphoma relative to other malignancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Histopathological Pattern of Paediatric Malignant Tumours Seen at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, North-Central, Nigeria

Yakubu

Emmanuel

Mandong

et al. 2019

JCTI

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Background: Childhood cancer is attracting public health attention in Sub-Saharan Africa because of its’ increasing contribution to morbidity and mortality, and the changing pattern in relative frequency and diagnostic challenges in resources poor settings. The objective of the study was to determine the pattern of malignant childhood tumours in Jos, North-central Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Records of childhood malignancies diagnosed over a 10 year period was obtained from the hospital cancer registry. Archival paraffin embedded, formalin fixed tissue blocks were retrieved and fresh sections cut and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. The slides were reviewed and the histopathological pattern, age, sex and anatomical site of distribution of the tumours were analyzed. Results: There were 210 cases of childhood malignancies during the period of the study. The male: female ratio was 1.5:1. Mesenchymal tumours predominated (66%), followed by epithelial tumours (32%) and germ cell tumors which accounted for 2% of cases. Soft tissue sarcomas, lymphomas, nephroblastoma and retinoblastoma were the four most common tumours. Together they accounted for 88% of all cases. Soft tissue sarcoma was the most common tumour group with 77 cases (37%). Rhabdomyosarcoma was the most common of them accounting for 88% of the soft tissue sarcomas. The second most common group of tumours was lymphoma 52(25%) cases: out of which Burkitt’s lymphoma accounted for 64%, non Burkitts non Hodkins lymphomas 31% while Hodgkins Lymphoma had 6%. Retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma occurred among the very young children while STS and lymphomas predominated in the older children. Conclusion: There is a change in the histopathological pattern of childhood solid malignancies in our environment. Sarcomas are diagnosed more often, a departure from the past where lymphomas were commoner. However Burkitt’s lymphoma is still an important and common childhood cancer.

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A review of the literature on childhood Burkitt lymphoma in Nigeria

Abstract: Background: Burkitt

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Childhood Cancers in a Tertiary Centre, Southern Nigeria: Spectrum and Outcome of Treatment

Childhood Cancers in a Tertiary Centre, Southern Nigeria: Spectrum and Outcome of Treatment

Treatment outcome and abandonment rates in a retrospective cohort of children with Burkitt lymphoma in Kano, Nigeria

Changing Histopathological Pattern of Paediatric Malignant Tumours Seen at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, North-Central, Nigeria

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