A review of the large-scale production of carbon nanotubes: The practice of nanoscale process engineering

Huang, Jia‐Qi; Zhang, Qiang; Zhao, Meng‐Qiang; Wei, Fei

doi:10.1007/s11434-011-4879-z

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), have attracted special attention for their potential applications in catalyst supports, optical devices, quantum computers, and the biomedical field, because of their outstanding physical and chemical properties [1,2]. However, the poor solubility of CNTs in water-aggregates form because of the highly attractive van der Waals (vdW) forces (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sonication-assisted dispersion of carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions of the anionic surfactant SDBS: The role of sonication energy

Yang

Jing

et al. 2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Sonication is a powerful technique to promote the dispersion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and enhance their solubility; this is necessary for CNT applications, especially in the biochemical and biomedical fields. In this study, batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the role of sonication energy on the dispersion of CNTs in the presence of a widely used anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS). It was observed that the concentration of dispersed CNTs in the SDBS solution depended on the sonication energy, but not the sonication time or output power of the sonicator alone. The amount of dispersed CNTs was positively correlated with the concentrations of SDBS and CNTs, and the length of the CNTs. The promotion of oxygen-containing functional groups on the dispersed CNTs was observed at relatively low sonication energies. The optimal energy, i.e. the minimum energy supplied by sonication to achieve a saturated suspension of dispersed CNTs in the SDBS solution, was CNT diameter-dependent, because of the larger vdW forces between tubes of smaller diameter. An exponential decay curve was constructed for the optimal energy values as a function of the outer CNT diameter, to assist in determining the energy needed to disperse CNTs. carbon nanotubes, sonication energy, dispersion, surfactant Citation:Yang K, Yi Z L, Jing Q F, et al. Sonication-assisted dispersion of carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions of the anionic surfactant SDBS: The role of sonication energy.

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confidence: 99%

Sonication-assisted dispersion of carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions of the anionic surfactant SDBS: The role of sonication energy

Yang

Jing

et al. 2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…The topics cover different areas of CNT study, including their preparation, properties, and application [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The authors have mainly summarized the progress achieved in the respective research groups.…”

Section: Prefacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…CNTs have been prepared using different strategies and obtained in various forms to meet the requirements of different applications. Mass production of bulk-form CNTs with tunable diameter and length has been realized [8]. This is a significant progress in the nanoscale process engineering of CNTs.…”

Section: Prefacementioning

confidence: 99%

Preface

Xie

2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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PrefaceIn the last two decades, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted tremendous attention. A CNT can be considered a seamless cylinder formed by rolling up graphene sheets, which are composed of hexagonal sp 2 carbon networks. A single-walled CNT (SWCNT) has only one graphene layer. A multi-walled CNT (MWCNT) consists of a series of concentric graphene layers with an interlayer distance similar to graphite. The unique structure of CNTs endows them with extraordinary properties, for example, superior conductivity of both electricity and heat, outstanding mechanical properties, and excellent chemical and thermal stability. In particular, SWCNTs can behave as semiconductors with a tunable direct band gap determined by their structure. These properties make CNTs an important material both for scientific research and applications.Although tubular carbon nanostructures were observed earlier [1,2], it is the report by Iijima [3] in 1991 that launched the huge interest in CNTs. They observed MWCNTs under a high resolution transmission electron microscope. In 1993, Iijima et al. [4] and Bethune et al. [5] reported the observation and preparation of SWCNTs, respectively. Since then, CNTs have been studied intensively. Chinese scientists entered this field shortly after its beginning and have contributed much. Therefore, we have published this special topic on CNTs to celebrate the twentieth anniversary of CNT research.This special topic contains eight review articles. The topics cover different areas of CNT study, including their preparation, properties, and application [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The authors have mainly summarized the progress achieved in the respective research groups. CNTs have been prepared using different strategies and obtained in various forms to meet the requirements of different applications. Mass production of bulk-form CNTs with tunable diameter and length has been realized [8]. This is a significant progress in the nanoscale process engineering of CNTs. When using anodic aluminum oxide membranes as templates, the length, diameter and wall thickness of CNTs can be controlled [11]. The preparation of different forms of SWCNTs is also discussed. Well-aligned ultralong SWCNTs ready for building nanodevices have been directly grown on substrates by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [13]. Free-standing SWCNT networks have been fabricated either directly by CVD or arc discharge as well as by post-growth treatment [12]. A new condensed form of SWCNTs, SWCNT crystals, has been prepared using a series of diamond wire drawing dies [10]. The structure and properties of CNTs have been studied, as well as their various applications. Sc and Y contacts can be used to obtain high performance ballistic n-type field-effect transistors [6]. This resulted in a new doping-free strategy to fabricate CNT-based CMOS devices and integrated circuits. CNTs are also ideal materials for building optoelectronic devices such as light emitters, photodetectors, and photovoltaic devices [7]. SWCNTs can generate electricity...

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“…In CVD method MWCNTs are synthesized at a relatively low temperature of 450°C compared to 700°C for SWCNTs (Sharma and Iqbal 2004). Although CNTs production is a challenging process, low-cost large-scale production of MWCNTs has been reported by Huang et al with a yield as high as 10 kg/h using fluidized bed catalytic CVD technique (Huang et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Impact Resistance of Polymer Concrete Using CNTs

Daghash

Soliman

Kandil

et al. 2016

Int J Concr Struct Mater

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Polymer concrete (PC) has been favoured over Portland cement concrete when low permeability, high adhesion, and/or high durability against aggressive environments are required. In this research, a new class of PC incorporating Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) is introduced. Four PC mixes with different MWCNTs contents were examined. MWCNTs were carefully dispersed in epoxy resin and then mixed with the hardener and aggregate to produce PC. The impact strength of the new PC was investigated by performing low-velocity impact tests. Other mechanical properties of the new PC including compressive, flexural, and shear strengths were also characterized. Moreover, microstructural characterization using scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of PC incorporating MWCNTs was performed. Impact test results showed that energy absorption of PC with 1.0 wt% MWCNTs by weight of epoxy resin was significantly improved by 36 % compared with conventional PC. Microstructural analysis demonstrated evidence that MWCNTs significantly altered the chemical structure of epoxy matrix. The changes in the microstructure lead to improvements in the impact resistance of PC, which would benefit the design of various PC structural elements.

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A review of the large-scale production of carbon nanotubes: The practice of nanoscale process engineering

Cited by 48 publications

References 65 publications

Sonication-assisted dispersion of carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions of the anionic surfactant SDBS: The role of sonication energy

Sonication-assisted dispersion of carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions of the anionic surfactant SDBS: The role of sonication energy

Preface

Improving Impact Resistance of Polymer Concrete Using CNTs

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