A review of the integrity of metallic vehicle armour to projectile attack

Ronan, William; O’Donoghue, P.E.; Lenihan, Donncha; Leen, Seán B.

doi:10.1177/1464420718759704

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 114 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Analyses of the protective effectiveness of layered composite armors containing ceramic tiles are focused on analytical [ 18 ], combined analytical-experimental [ 19 , 20 ], and numerical methods that, recently, have become very popular [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Computational techniques analyze complex phenomena based on the basic principles of mechanics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As can be seen, the accurate numerical representation of all mechanisms occurring during the process of penetration of ceramic tiles by an armor-piercing projectile is still challenging due to brittle cracking of the layers and the high degree of damage to them under ballistic impact conditions. Therefore, as has been shown in the literature, hybrid methods of modelling have recently been dominant in analyses of those processes [ 23 , 29 , 30 ]. In such approaches, several different methods and element formulations (e.g., Lagrange, Euler, ALE, SPH, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents an analysis of the effectiveness of available numerical techniques in mapping the characteristic behavior of ballistic ceramics under projectile impact conditions. As part of the work, the ballistic tests were performed on the layered ceramic/steel composite armor and tested with the 7.62 × 39 mm, armor-piercing incendiary (API) BZ projectile. The experimental tests were then mapped using computer simulations. In numerical analyses, four different techniques were used to describe cubic ceramic tiles Al2O3 placed on the ARMOX 500T steel backing plate, i.e.,: the Finite Element Method without Erosion (FEM), Finite Element with erosion (FEM + Erosion), Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics (SPH) and a hybrid method that converts finite elements to SPH particles after exceeding the defined failure criteria (FEM to SPH conversion). The effectiveness of the individual methods was compared in terms of quality (mapping of characteristic phenomena occurring during the penetration process), quantity (bulge height of the backing plate) and time needed to complete the calculations. On the basis of the results of the experiments and numerical simulations, it was noticed that the most accurate reproduction of the phenomenon of ballistic impact of AP projectiles on ceramic/steel composite armor can be obtained by using a hybrid method, incorporating the conversion of finite elements into SPH particles. This method should be used in cases where accuracy of the results is more important than the time required to complete the calculations. In other situations where the purpose of the calculation is not to determine, for example, the exact value of penetration depth but only to observe a certain trend, the FEM method with defined erosion criteria (variant 2), which is more than 10 times faster, can be successfully used.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…FCC layer sheets are largely utilized in automobile, electronics, and construction industries. 1,2 Also, their elastic-plastic and damage constants are available for numerical simulations. 3,4 For example, aluminum/copper layer sheets with high electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistivity, and light weight can be utilized in wire and tube industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel U-bending designed setups for investigating the spring-back/spring-go of two-layer aluminum/copper sheets through experimental tests and finite element simulations

Etemadi

Naseri

Valinezhad

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents novel U-bending setups in order to investigate the effects of the curvatures created on the punch, die, or both on the spring-back/spring-go of the two-layer aluminum/copper sheets. Comparison of the new U-bending setups with the regular ones showed that the curvatures had important roles in reducing the spring-back/spring-go in the U-bending process. The results further indicated the good agreement between spring-back/spring-go and finite element simulations. Moreover, through finite element simulations, the effects of three effective parameters on reducing the spring-back/spring-go, including the curvature radius ( r) of the punch, the distance between curvature center and the fillet center ( d) in the punch, and the curvature radius at the end of the die ( R) were investigated. In achieving the desired state (90°), the results showed that the distance of curvature center from the fillet center ( d) was a more important parameter compared with the curvature radius at the end of the punch ( r) and the curvature radius at the end of the die ( R). This paper also focuses on the thicknesses of copper and aluminum as well as the stacking sequence of layers. Concerning the thicknesses of the implemented copper and aluminum change, the minimum angle of the spring-back/spring-go relative to the desired state was 75% Al/25% Cu thickness. Furthermore, the spring-back of aluminum/copper was lower than the copper/aluminum layer sheet. The effects of both thickness changing and stacking sequence of aluminum/copper layers on the spring-back/spring-go amounts of different sheets were due to the relocation of the neutral axis.

show abstract

“…Aluminum alloys are characterized by their excellent castability, high specific strength and low thermal expansion coefficient [1]. As a result, they have aroused increasing interest in the automobile industry, as well as having aerospace structural and military applications [2][3][4]. Nonetheless, aluminum alloys are associated with poor tribological performances, since the friction coefficient is as high as 0.5-0.8 under dry friction conditions [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Tribological Performance of MAO Coatings by Using a Stable Sol Electrolyte Mixed with Cellulose Additive

Song

Jiang

2019

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, micro-arc oxidation (MAO) of aluminum 6061 alloy was carried out within a silicate base electrolyte containing 0.75 g/L of cellulose, and the tribological properties of the coating were investigated. The as-prepared coating was detected by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), respectively. The results suggested that cellulose filled in the microcracks and micropores, or it existed by cross-linking with Al3+. In addition, it was found that the cellulose had little effect on the coating hardness. However, the thickness and roughness of the coating were improved with the increase in cellulose concentration. Moreover, the ball-on-disk test showed that the friction coefficient, weight loss and wear rate of the MAO coating decreased with the increase in cellulose concentration. Further, the performances of the coatings obtained in the same electrolyte, under different preserved storage periods, were compared, revealing that the cellulose was uniformly dispersed in the electrolyte and improved the tribological properties of the MAO coating within 30 days.

show abstract

A review of the integrity of metallic vehicle armour to projectile attack

Cited by 17 publications

References 114 publications

Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions

Comparison of Numerical Simulation Techniques of Ballistic Ceramics under Projectile Impact Conditions

Novel U-bending designed setups for investigating the spring-back/spring-go of two-layer aluminum/copper sheets through experimental tests and finite element simulations

Improving the Tribological Performance of MAO Coatings by Using a Stable Sol Electrolyte Mixed with Cellulose Additive

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About