A review of the indigenous coffee resources of Uganda and their potential for coffee sector sustainability and development

Davis, Aaron P.; Kiwuka, Catherine; Faruk, Aisyah; Mulumba, J.W.; Kalema, James

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1057317

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

(126 reference statements)

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Comparative metabolomics of wild and cultivatedTaxus cuspidata: insights into metabolic diversity and environmental adaptability

Wang,

Zhang

2024

Preprint

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The study conducted a comparative metabolomics analysis of wild and cultivated T. cuspidata based on LC-MS/MS technology to reveal the metabolic differences between them, and to analyze the genetic and ecological factors behind these differences. The results showed: (1) A total of 7030 metabolites were identified, primarily including flavonoids, organic acids, phenolic acids, amino acids, lipids, and alkaloids, among others; (2) 2381 differential metabolites were confirmed: 949 higher in cultivated species and 1432 higher in wild species, which suggesting wild species have more advantageous metabolites. (3) Through KEGG annotation, 20 significant metabolic pathways were identified, with sugar metabolism, photosynthesis, and sulfur metabolism were significantly higher in wild species. In contrast, pathways related to most amino acids and their derivatives, flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, and plant hormones were significantly higher in cultivated species. In conclusion, the wild species are inferior to cultivated species in terms of drought resistance, growth rate, and medicinal value for cancer treatment. However, the advantage of wild species lies in their significantly higher diversity of upregulated secondary metabolites due to their rich genetic resources, which exhibit greater metabolic diversity and environmental adaptability, which enhances their survival capability. Furthermore, the wild species exhibit significantly higher efficiency in photosynthesis and sugar metabolism compared to cultivated species, enabling them to better withstand low-temperature stress. This study has provided the direction for research into the mechanisms of stress resistance in T. cuspidata and has also established a theoretical basis for formulating scientifically and reasonable conservation strategies for wild species.

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Comparative metabolomics of wild and cultivatedTaxus cuspidata: insights into metabolic diversity and environmental adaptability

Wang,

Zhang

2024

Preprint

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Evaluating Uganda’s preferential market access; trade intensity, comparative advantage and the potential for trade

Ecel,

Ahimbisibwe,

Nuwagaba

et al. 2024

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Purpose Preferential market access is a pillar of the enabling clause in international trade, and as such has received scholarly attention in the recent past. This study aims to empirically examine intensity and utilisation of Uganda’s preferential market access. Design/methodology/approach Secondary data at the six-digit level of the harmonised system was sourced from the International Trade Centre’s and UN COMTRADE’s Trade Map database on trade flows to compute; trade intensity indices, Balsa’s revealed comparative advantage (RCA) indices and the existing potential trade. The time period was 2013–2022. Findings It is evident that Uganda is not taking full advantage of its preferential market access. The findings of the trade intensity analysis revealed that the strength of trade relations between Uganda and its preferential markets has been consistently weak in the period 2013–2022, while the intensity of trade relations with its FTA partners has been strong. The RCA results revealed that all Uganda’s agricultural exports to its preferential markets have a comparative advantage, with exports of roses reporting an exceptionally high RCA relative to other agricultural exports. The RCA results also show that the comparative advantage of Uganda’s coffee exports recovered after a significant fall in the period 2014–2022. The analysis of the existing potential for trade reveals a disproportionally low market share held by Uganda across all product lines, notably, only 2.3% of the US$29bn coffee imports in its preferential markets. Research limitations/implications One limitation of this study is that it primarily relied on quantitative data from the International Trade Centre and thus lacks an exhaustive understanding of the circumstances at the export firm level. Qualitative data, such as interviews with exporters and policymakers, could provide deeper insights into the specific challenges and opportunities faced by Ugandan businesses in these markets. Practical implications This paper highlights the need for additional trade facilitation measures to address preferential market access bottlenecks such as stringent rules of origin and call for an aggressive government intervention in enhancing the export readiness of SMEs in Uganda. In addition, the paper is informative to Uganda’s exporters regarding the existing and potential increase in their exports to international markets. Originality/value The strength of Uganda’s trade relations with its preferential markets is empirically examined in this paper and provides useful insights for enhancing utilisation of preferential market access by beneficiary countries.

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Coffee sustainability: leveraging collaborative breeding for variety improvement

Ngure,

Watanabe

2024

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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The sustainability of global coffee supply is threatened by production challenges worsening with every decade since the turn of the 21st century. Coffee is among the most popular beverages in the world, and its production supports livelihoods of millions of people, mostly smallholder farmers. With a global market value exceeding US$130 billion, the coffee industry is a source of export revenue for producing countries, the majority of which are developing nations in the Global South. Climate change, pests, and diseases continue to hamper productivity, profitability, and countries’ competitiveness in the global market. At the same time, the global demand for coffee continues to rise. A crucial pillar to safeguarding the future of coffee is continuously developing improved varieties suitable for the changing environment, and that address the needs of farmers and the industry. Yet, most national breeding programs are grossly out of touch with climate change reality and market dynamics. Working in isolation, these programs are constrained by unstable funding, limited sources of genetic variability, and inaccessibility of modern technologies necessary to accelerate the breeding process. We review here key production challenges, status of genetic diversity, and breeding approaches. Additionally, we explore opportunities in leveraging a pre-competitive collaborative breeding approach encompassing sharing of germplasm, and cross-border multi-environment trials in developing next-generation cultivars. We argue that breeding efforts should be informed by the needs of all the stakeholders in the supply chain including researchers, smallholder farmers, small and medium-sized enterprises investing in coffee processing and roasting, and consumers. Using emerging and reviving producers in Southeast Asia and Eastern Africa as a model, we explore how a paradigm shift in coffee breeding from the historically nation-centric approach to a more forward-looking collaborative model could improve the efficiency of variety improvement in face of climate change and growing market demand.

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A review of the indigenous coffee resources of Uganda and their potential for coffee sector sustainability and development

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Comparative metabolomics of wild and cultivatedTaxus cuspidata: insights into metabolic diversity and environmental adaptability

Comparative metabolomics of wild and cultivatedTaxus cuspidata: insights into metabolic diversity and environmental adaptability

Evaluating Uganda’s preferential market access; trade intensity, comparative advantage and the potential for trade

Coffee sustainability: leveraging collaborative breeding for variety improvement

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