A Review of the Effects of Shear and Interfacial Phenomena on Cell Viability

Hua, Jiaming; Erickson, Larry E.; Yiin, Tian-Yih; Glasgow, Larry A.

doi:10.3109/07388559309075700

Cited by 89 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…When turbulent eddies are smaller than the organisms, they should be more effective in distorting rather than advecting them. For example, animal cells in suspension culture exhibit mechanical damage when the Kolmogorov scale becomes smaller than the cell size (reviewed by Hua et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent response of the red tide dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum to laminar and turbulent flow

Latz

Rohr

1999

Limnology & Oceanography

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While it is universally accepted that plankton continually experience a dynamic fluid environment, their sensitivity to the features of the surrounding flow field at the relevant length and time scales of the organism is poorly characterized. The present study uses bioluminescence as a tool to understand how the red tide dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum (ϭ Gonyaulax polyedra) responds to well-characterized hydrodynamic forces present in fully developed laminar and turbulent pipe flow. The response of L. polyedrum to hydrodynamic stimulation was best characterized by wall shear stress; at similar values of wall shear stress, the response was similar for laminar and turbulent flows.The response threshold occurred in laminar flow at a wall shear stress of approximately 0.3 N m Ϫ2. At these low flow rates, video analysis of the velocity of flash trajectories revealed that responding cells were positioned only near the pipe wall, where local shear stress levels were equal to or greater than threshold. For cell concentrations ranging over four orders of magnitude, threshold values of wall shear stress were restricted to a narrow range, consistent with an antipredation function for dinoflagellate bioluminescence. For laminar flows with above-threshold wall shear stress values Յ 1 N m Ϫ2 , mean bioluminescence increased with wall shear stress according to a power (log-log) relationship, with the slope of the power function dependent on cell concentration. The increase in bioluminescence within this range was due primarily to an increasing population response rate and, to a lesser extent, an increase in maximum flash intensity per cell and the increased flux of organisms with higher flow rates. For wall shear stress levels Ͼ 1 N m Ϫ2 , the maximum intensity per cell remained approximately constant with increasing wall shear stress, even as the flow transitioned from laminar to turbulent, and the smallest turbulent length scales became less than the average cell size.All plankton experience a dynamic fluid environment due to the effects of wind, waves, tides, and currents. For phytoplankton, turbulence regulates the vertical transport of cells (Lewis et al. 1984;Cowles and Desiderio 1993), which affects primary production through changes in the average level of incident illumination (reviewed by Kiørboe 1993), the sedimentation rate of cells from the mixed layer (Ruiz et al. 1996), the coagulation of cells caused by shear-induced collisions between suspended phytoplankton (Jackson 1990), and the encounter rate of phytoplankton to grazers and microbes (Bowen et al. 1993). It also relaxes diffusion limitation of nutrient uptake, which can lead to enhanced growth (Pasciak and Gavis 1975; reviewed by Kiørboe 1993 andKarp-Boss et al. 1996). Turbulence can negatively affect phytoplankton growth and cell division (Thomas andGibson 1990a, 1995;Berdalet 1992; reviewed by Estrada and Berdalet 1997) and alter cell motility (Thomas and Gibson 1990a).The present study applies bioluminescence as a tool to characterize how...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent response of the red tide dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum to laminar and turbulent flow

Latz

Rohr

1999

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…These hydrodynamic forces and impacts induce stresses that can adversely affect cell attachment, spreading, and growth. They are also known to compromise cell viability [37][38][39][40] and may induce the premature and undesired differentiation of hPSC [9,41]. Despite their potential for compromising scalable processes in bioreactors [9,25], a few studies have explored the effect that hydrodynamic forces have on hPSC expansion and their evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic Surface Charge Combined with Either Vitronectin or Laminin Dictates the Evolution of Human Embryonic Stem Cells/Microcarrier Aggregates and Cell Growth in Agitated Cultures

Lam

Li²,

Chen³

et al. 2014

Stem Cells and Development

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“…Shear was generated by stirring the PRP (or washed platelets), and the integrated shear factor versus rpm was estimated. 22 Expressed in percent, aggregation at 30 minutes was recorded and normalized to a standard deflection, corresponding to light transmission through platelet-poor plasma. 21 For some experiments, platelets were washed as described 21 and then reconstituted at 3ϫ10 8 mL Ϫ1 in Tyrode's solution supplemented with fibrinogen (3 g/L).…”

Section: Platelet Aggregation Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aggregation induced by H 2 O 2 was highly dependent on stirring (shear) because the speed at which platelets were stirred had to reach a specific threshold (Ͼ300 rpm, corresponding to a calculated integrated shear factor of Ͼ80 s Ϫ1 ) 22 for aggregation to take place (Figure 1b, right panel). In the absence of stirring, platelet aggregation was not detectable, even in the presence of 900 mol/L H 2 O 2 and 1 mmol/L NaVO 4 (not shown).…”

Section: H 2 O 2 -Induced Aggregation Of Platelets Exposed To Orthovamentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming of Platelet α _IIb β ₃ by Oxidants Is Associated With Tyrosine Phosphorylation of β ₃

Irani

Pham

Coleman

et al. 1998

ATVB

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Abstract-Reactive oxygen species play an important role at the site of vascular injuries and arterial thromboses. We studied the mechanism mediating platelet aggregation induced by H 2 O 2 , a major cellular oxidant. Exposure to H 2 O 2 triggered platelet aggregation, but only when the platelets were stirred. Strong platelet aggregation induced by H 2 O 2 required the presence of the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor sodium orthovanadate (NaVO 4 ) and was dependent on the participation of integrin ␣ IIb ␤ 3 (glycoprotein IIb-IIIa 2 Leukocytes and platelets have been found adjacent during acute coronary syndromes and even circulate as clusters in the blood of patients with unstable angina.3-5 Leukocytes and, in particular, neutrophils produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could influence platelet function in a paracrine fashion. 6 Moreover, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals have been shown to be produced by anoxic and subsequently reoxygenated platelets.7 Previous studies on the effects of ROS and, in particular, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) on platelets indicated that ROS might exert a dual effect on platelets. In the presence of nitric oxide (NO), H 2 O 2 seems to potentiate the inhibitory effect of NO on agonist-mediated platelet activation. 8 In contrast, in the presence of arachidonate, H 2 O 2 enhances aggregation induced by phospholipid-derived arachidonate.9,10 To further characterize the effect of H 2 O 2 on platelet reactivity, we sought to characterize the effect of ROS and, in particular, of H 2 O 2 on platelet signaling pathways.Integrin ␣ IIb ␤ 3 , the classic platelet fibrinogen receptor, can exist in resting or activated states, and the latter can occur with or without ligand engagement. Activation corresponds to a structural change, whereby the affinity of ␣ IIb ␤ 3 for fibrinogen and other adhesive molecules in solution is markedly increased.11 Moreover, integrin ␣ IIb ␤ 3 can be found in 2 different compartments relative to extracellular ligands: exposed (to extracellular ligands) or cryptic (not accessible to extracellular ligands).12 Receptor molecules can be recruited from cryptic storage to the platelet surface or removed from the surface through a process of endocytosis.12-14 The molecular reactions that lead to receptor activation have been studied: ␤ 3 seems to play the role of a regulatory subunit of the receptor, whereas ␣ IIb appears to mediate receptor specificity. 15,16 There is good evidence that the activation process utilizes ATP 15 and involves interaction of the short cytoplasmic domain of ␤ 3 with a regulatory factor. 15,17,18 H 2 O 2 can induce a strong tyrosine kinase response in smooth muscle cells, especially in cells whose tyrosine phosphatases are concurrently inhibited with orthovanadate.

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A Review of the Effects of Shear and Interfacial Phenomena on Cell Viability

Cited by 89 publications

References 75 publications

Luminescent response of the red tide dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum to laminar and turbulent flow

Luminescent response of the red tide dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum to laminar and turbulent flow

Cationic Surface Charge Combined with Either Vitronectin or Laminin Dictates the Evolution of Human Embryonic Stem Cells/Microcarrier Aggregates and Cell Growth in Agitated Cultures

Priming of Platelet α _IIb β ₃ by Oxidants Is Associated With Tyrosine Phosphorylation of β ₃

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A Review of the Effects of Shear and Interfacial Phenomena on Cell Viability

Cited by 89 publications

References 75 publications

Luminescent response of the red tide dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum to laminar and turbulent flow

Luminescent response of the red tide dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum to laminar and turbulent flow

Cationic Surface Charge Combined with Either Vitronectin or Laminin Dictates the Evolution of Human Embryonic Stem Cells/Microcarrier Aggregates and Cell Growth in Agitated Cultures

Priming of Platelet α IIb β 3 by Oxidants Is Associated With Tyrosine Phosphorylation of β 3

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Priming of Platelet α _IIb β ₃ by Oxidants Is Associated With Tyrosine Phosphorylation of β ₃