A review of the control of clonorchiasis sinensis and Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis in China

Abstract

Clonorchiasis sinensis and Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis are major foodborne parasitoses. Clonorchiasis sinensis is actively transmitted in some areas of China, Korea, Russia, Vietnam, etc. Currently, it is estimated that more than 200 million people are at risk of infection, 15-20 million people are infected, and 1.5-2 million show symptoms or complications. In China, it is relatively heavily transmitted in Zhujiang River Delta, including Hong Kong and Macao, and Northeast China, where many Korean people live. The transmission is related to the unhealthy habits of residents who like to have raw fish or half-raw fish. The infection of Clonorchis sinensis could result in serious liver and biliary system damages, and chronic cases may induce liver and bile duct cancers. T. solium taeniasis/cysticercosis is distributed around the world except the areas where the residents have a taboo against pork for religious reasons. Recent years, the urban inhabitants infected with T. solium/Cysticercus are increasing in China. T. solium results in intestinal diseases, and cysticercosis is a very serious disease, especially nervous system cysticercosis. Its symptoms include headache, epilepsy, sudden death, etc. Health education and health promotion, environmental reconstruction, and chemotherapy are the main control measures for these diseases. Through several decades of efforts in China, the achievements of control of clonorchiasis and T. solium taeniasis/cysticercosis are great. For example, in one of the main clonorchiasis-endemic provinces, Shandong Province, clonorchiasis has been controlled. In 31 T. solium taeniasis/cysticercosis-endemic counties of Henan Province, through a 6-year control program, the decline rates of T. solium taeniasis and cysticercosis were 90.8 and 96.8 %, respectively. This paper reviews the researches on the control of clonorchiasis and T. solium taeniasis/cysticercosis in China past decades so as to provide references for other countries where these diseases are endemic to improve the control or elimination of clonorchiasis and T. solium taeniasis/cysticercosis.

Taenia solium Taeniasis and Cysticercosis Control and Elimination Through Community-Based Interventions

“…The review of these resulted in identifying two additional articles [25, 26]. We also found a review paper on control strategies reported in the Chinese literature [28], but it included too few details regarding methods to be included in this review. Finally, a Mexican study published after we had conducted our literature search was also included ([27])…”

High Reinfection Rate after Preventive Chemotherapy for Fishborne Zoonotic Trematodes in Vietnam

“…A similar intervention strategy is used in the well-established programs to control other helminth infections like schistosomiasis, geo-helminth infections, onchocerciasis and filariasis [14]. The effectiveness of preventive chemotherapy on C. sinensis has been examined in Chinese studies [15]. Choi et al published a large study with 14139 people, evaluating different regimes of universal treatment or selective treatment over a three-year period.…”

One world health: Socioeconomic burden and parasitic disease control priorities

“…In Henan province, China, it has been reported that mass anthelmintic treatment of humans reduced the prevalence of human taeniosis from 0.65% (16,159/2,480,419) in 1978 to 0.06% (8,583/13,901,265) in 1983, with a corresponding decrease in the annual incidence of human cysticercosis from 31.4 cases per million to 1.3 cases per million (Wu et al, 2012). Elsewhere mass treatment with praziquantel or nicloseamide has been demonstrated to be successful on a local scale (Flisser et al, 2011).…”