A review of the application of multiple‐parameter radar measurement of precipitation

Hall, M.P.M.

doi:10.1029/rs019i001p00037

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Seventy-nine attendees from 15 countries participated in ushering a new chapter in weather radar polarimetry. Subsequently, the conference papers were published in a Special Issue of Radio Science in 1984, edited by Martin Hall [65].…”

Section: Rutherford-appleton Laboratory/chilbolton Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization Weather Radar Development from 1970–1995: Personal Reflections

Bringi

Zrnic

2019

Atmosphere

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The modern era of polarimetric radar begins with radiowave propagation research starting in the early 1970s with applications to measurement and modeling of wave attenuation in rain and depolarization due to ice particles along satellite–earth links. While there is a rich history of radar in meteorology after World War II, the impetus provided by radiowave propagation requirements led to high-quality antennas and feeds. Our journey starts by describing the key institutions and personnel responsible for development of weather radar polarimetry. The early period was dominated by circularly polarized radars for propagation research and at S band (frequency near 3 GHz) for hail detection. By the mid to late 70s, a paradigm shift occurred which led to the dominance of linear polarizations with applications to slant path attenuation prediction as well as estimation of rain rates and inferences of precipitation physics. The period from the early 1980s to 1995 can be considered as the “golden” period of rapid research that brought in meteorologists, cloud physicists, and hydrologists. This article describes the evolution of this technology from the vantage point of the authors. Their personal reflections and “behind the scenes” descriptions offer a glimpse into the inner workings at several key institutions which cannot be found elsewhere.

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Section: Rutherford-appleton Laboratory/chilbolton Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization Weather Radar Development from 1970–1995: Personal Reflections

Bringi

Zrnic

2019

Atmosphere

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“…To avoid the disadvantages in the above ZR method and/or to get more detailed information on rain, multiple-parameter techniques have been proposed as reviewed by Atlas et al [1984], Rogers [1984], and Hall [1984]. In this paper, however, only the dual-wavelength techniques are discussed because of the data availability for comparative analysis with Fujita [1983].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercomparison of radar measurements of rain by single‐ and dual‐wavelength techniques

Fujita¹,

Nakamura²,

Inomata³

et al. 1989

Radio Science

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We are experimenting with three different techniques of rain rate estimation to assess their appropriateness by analyzing the data on simultaneous rain measurements with a C band weather radar and a dual-wavelength (3-and 0.86-cm) radar scatterometer. These techniques are (1) a conventional singlewavelength technique based on an empirical relation between a reflectivity factor and a rain rate; (2) a dual-wavelength technique based on radar wave attenuation at one wavelength, where it is assumed that the raindrops sampled are Rayleigh scatterers at both wavelengths; and (3) an alternative dualwavelength technique using the method of least squares to minimize the difference between measurement-derived quantities and their corresponding quantities derived from a radar equation. The rain rate estimates from the above three techniques are compared with each other, and the causes of their differences are discussed. The rain rate estimates obtained with each technique and gauge rain rates measured near the radar site are also compared to evaluate their absolute accuracy. The advantages and disadvantages of each rain rate estimation technique are discussed for specific situations and applications. As a result of investigation the following conclusions are obtained: The single-wavelength technique gives fairly good rain rate estimates if an external radar calibration is made accurately. The dual-wavelength technique based on radar wave attenuation needs verification of the estimates by auxiliary means to avoid unrealistic estimates, and the dual-wavelength technique by means of a least squares method is useful for an airborne or a spaceborne application where an external calibration is difficult to perform. 65 66 FUJITA ET AL.: RADAR MEASUREMENTS OF RAIN FUJITA ET AL.: RADAR MEASUREMENTS OF RAIN 67

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Radar Polarimetry

Sletten¹,

Laughlin²

1999

Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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This article summarizes the fundamentals of radar polarimetry and gives examples of related applications and research. The mathematical foundation is described first. This discussion includes explanations of the various ways in which polarized and partially polarized electromagnetic waves can be described and how formalisms are used to express the polarimetric scattering properties of objects and surfaces. The scattering, Mueller, covariance, and coherency matrices embody these formalisms. Some practical aspects of polarimetric radar design are then discussed, and the article concludes by summarizing applications of polarimetry and areas of active research, including scattering studies, image classification, contrast enhancement, meteorology, and topographic mapping.

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A review of the application of multiple‐parameter radar measurement of precipitation

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Polarization Weather Radar Development from 1970–1995: Personal Reflections

Polarization Weather Radar Development from 1970–1995: Personal Reflections

Intercomparison of radar measurements of rain by single‐ and dual‐wavelength techniques

Radar Polarimetry

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