A review of techniques for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air

Pandey, Sudhir Kumar; Kim, Ki‐Hyun; Brown, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2011.06.017

Cited by 124 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…However, the elution time for Soxhlet extraction is 18 h and the associated low recovery of volatile SVOCs is a disadvantage. For ultrasonic extraction, 20-30 min of ultrasonication is usually used to elute the collected SVOCs, but insufficient recovery is a significant drawback with this method [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in Air Using a Solid-Phase Extraction-Type Collection Device

et al. 2018

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In this study, the quantitative determination of gaseous biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) including monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes was accomplished using a solid-phase extraction-type collection device. The collection device was fabricated by packing styrene-divinylbenzene polymer particles into a specially designed glass cartridge. The retention performance of the collection device for BVOCs was quantitatively evaluated at 35°C with different volumes of air samples. The device showed good retention performance for the investigated BVOCs, that is, no breakthrough occurred for monoterpenes up to an air sampling volume of 150 L or for sesquiterpenes up to a sampling volume of 30,000 L. The elution performance was evaluated by passing organic solvents into the collection device, and an excellent elution recovery was obtained with 10 mL dichloromethane. Finally, the analytical method using the collection device was applied to determine the gaseous monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes from a grated carrot and the air inside a wooden house, and the results demonstrated the applicability of the method for the quantitative determination of BVOCs in several sample matrices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in Air Using a Solid-Phase Extraction-Type Collection Device

et al. 2018

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“…Trace metals in particular, even though they do not contribute substantially to the mass of PM, act as markers for specific source categories 35 (Visser et al, 2015a) and evidence is emerging that some metals in ambient PM are associated with adverse health effects at concentrations near to current ambient levels (Chen and Lippmann, 2009 3 and analysing these in a laboratory. These filters are collected over a period of time, usually 24 hours to a week, and then analysed for different components such as metals (Brown et al, 2008), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (Pandey et al, 2011), elemental and organic carbon (Chu, 2004). This approach is time consuming, labour intensive and prone to positive and negative sampling artefacts (Chow et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These filters are collected over a period of time, usually 24 hours to a week, and then analysed for different components such as metals (Brown et al, 2008), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (Pandey et al, 2011), elemental and organic carbon (Chu, 2004). This approach is time consuming, labour intensive and prone to positive and negative sampling artefacts (Chow et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field and laboratory evaluation of a high time resolution x-ray fluorescence instrument for determining the elemental composition of ambient aerosols

Tremper¹,

Font²,

Priestman³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Measuring the chemical composition of airborne particulate matter (PM) can provide valuable information on the concentration of regulated toxic metals and their sources and assist in the identification and validation of abatement techniques. Undertaking these at a high time resolution (1 hour or less) enables receptor modelling techniques to be more robustly linked to emission processes. This study describes a comprehensive laboratory and field evaluation of a high time resolution x-ray fluorescence (XRF) instrument (CES XACT 625) 5 for a range of elements (As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd, Pt, S, Sb, Se, Si, Sr, Ti, V, Zn) against alternative techniques: high time resolution mass measurements, high time resolution ion chromatography, aerosol mass spectrometry, and established filter-based, laboratory analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 1) Laboratory evaluation was carried out using a novel massbased calibration technique to independently assess the accuracy of the XRF against laboratory generated 10 aerosols, which resulted in slopes that were not significantly different from unity. This demonstrated that generated particles can serve as an alternative calibration method for this instrument.2) The XACT was evaluated in three contrasting field deployments; a heavily trafficked roadside site (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ), an industrial location downwind of a nickel refinery (PM 10 ) and an urban background location influenced by nearby industries and motorways (PM 10 ). The XRF technique agreed well with the ICP-MS measurements of 15 daily filter samples in all cases with a median R 2 of 0.93 and a median slope of 1.07. Differences were likely due to recovery rates from the sample digestion as well as filter sampling artefacts and matrix effects in the XRF technique. The XRF technique also agreed well with the other high time resolution measurements but showed a significant positive bias (slopes between 1.41 and 4.6), probably due to differences in the size selection methodology, volatility and water solubility of the PM in aerosol mass spectrometry and ion chromatography, 20 respectively. 3) A novel filter analysis technique using the XACT showed promising initial results: filters analysed off-line with the XACT compared well to in-situ XACT measurements with a median R 2 of 0.96 and median slope of 1.07. The resulting range of slopes was comparable to slopes produced in the ICP-MS comparison. This technique provides an opportunity to use the XACT when it is not deployed in the field; thus expanding the potential use of this instrument in future studies. 25 IntroductionIt has long been known that increased air pollution, and specifically particle pollution is associated with adverse health effects (Brunekreef and Holgate, 2002;Kelly et al., 2012). Particulate matter (PM) also affects atmospheric visibility and radiative forcing (Fuzzi et al., 2015). PM is not a homogenous air pollutant but rather a complex mixture; it varies in chemical and physical co...

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“…PAHs are mainly produced from incomplete combustion/pyrolysis of organic matter, existing in the environment through natural and anthropogenic activities (Purcaro et al, 2013). PAHs have received increasing attentions due to their proven or potential genotoxicity and carcinogenicity (Capone and Bauer, 1992;Purcaro et al, 2013) and their long-distance transportation characteristics (Ravindra et al, 2008;Pandey et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview on the organic pollution around the Qinghai-Tibet plateau: The thought-provoking situation

Lü

Luo

et al. 2016

Environment International

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The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau plays an important role in the ecological safety and human health of the surroundings due to its unique geographical position and function. Therefore, it is necessary to study the pollution status and potential risk in this area. This study summarizes the distribution of different organic pollutants in biota and environmental media of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Moreover, it also pays attention to the potential health risks of these organic pollutants. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were the most frequently detected in different matrices. In general, the carcinogenic risks of organic pollutants were ranked in the verylow to moderate range for both children and adults. The carcinogenic risks of organic pollutants in fish, food, and water for children were 1-2 times higher than those for adults, while risks of organic pollutants in soil/sediment and in air for children were generally 10.6-16.5 and 2.6-2.8 times higher than those for adults, respectively. The maximal hazard quotient for non-carcinogenic risk was 0.95 (potential risk for children posed by organic pollutants in yak milk of Ruoergai), almost reaching an unacceptable level. Therefore, the potential health risks could not be neglected, especially for children who were more likely to be affected by the pollutants.

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A review of techniques for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air

Cited by 124 publications

References 65 publications

Analysis of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in Air Using a Solid-Phase Extraction-Type Collection Device

Analysis of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in Air Using a Solid-Phase Extraction-Type Collection Device

Field and laboratory evaluation of a high time resolution x-ray fluorescence instrument for determining the elemental composition of ambient aerosols

An overview on the organic pollution around the Qinghai-Tibet plateau: The thought-provoking situation

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