A review of techniques, advances and outstanding issues in numerical modelling for rock mechanics and rock engineering

Jing, Lanru

doi:10.1016/s1365-1609(03)00013-3

Cited by 936 publications

(435 citation statements)

References 535 publications

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“…Benefiting from the simplex integration technique [28,29], DDA derives analytical solutions for the stiffness matrices, the inertia matrices and the force vectors based on a variational potential energy method. The accuracy and efficiency of the DDA method are improved by using the analytical solutions for these matrices [30,31].…”

Section: Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (Dda)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons between centrifuge and numerical modeling results for slope toppling failure

Chen

Gong

et al. 2015

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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This paper presents series studies on the toppling mechanism by centrifuge tests and numerical simulations. Two different discrete element methods, i.e., the continuum-based discrete element method (CDEM) and the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA), are adopted. The modeling results show that both the methods can accurately capture the failure modes of the centrifuge tests, including three distinct zones and two failure surfaces. Comparisons are made between the physical test and numerical simulation results. The critical inclination angle of the tilting table where the slope models are fixed on can be moderately predicted by the two methods, with different degrees of precision. The error between the test results and the simulated results is within 1% for the slope models without rock-bridges by both CDEM and DDA. However, it is amplified for the staggered-joint models that simulate the rock-bridges. With DDA, the average error is about 5%, and the maximum error is up to 17%. While with CDEM, the errors for the aligned-joint models are ranged from 1% to 6%, and it is from 10% to 29% for the staggered-joint models. The two numerical methods show the capability in simulating toppling failure of blocky rock mass with and without rock-bridges. The model with rock-bridges which provides a certain bending resistance is more stable than the one without any rock-bridge. In addition, the two failure surfaces were observed, which is different from the common understanding that only one failure surface appears. rock slope model, toppling failure, rock-bridge, centrifuge test, continuum based discrete element method, discontinuous deformation analysis Citation:Chen Z Y, Gong W J, Ma G W, et al. Comparisons between centrifuge and numerical modeling results for slope toppling failure.

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Section: Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (Dda)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons between centrifuge and numerical modeling results for slope toppling failure

Chen

Gong

et al. 2015

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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“…The Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion is frequently used for modelling rock material (Jing 2003). In this criterion, if the Mohr's circle corresponding to the stress condition at a point in rock material touches the MohrCoulomb failure envelope, rock yields and the elastic solution is no longer valid.…”

Section: Stress Safety Margin (Ssm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the main limitations of FEM is in modelling fracture growth (Jing 2003). Capturing crack propagation is only possible by employing relatively new methods such as enriched FEM and generalized FEM (Duarte et al 2000;Deb and Das 2011).…”

Section: Shear Crack Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Truss Bolt Mechanism in Controlling Stability of Underground Excavation and Cutter Roof Failure

et al. 2013

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Abstract:The truss bolt reinforcement system has been used in controlling the stability of underground excavations in severe ground conditions and cutter roof failure in layered rocks especially in coal mines. In spite of good application reports, working mechanism of this system is largely unknown and truss bolts are predominantly designed based on past experience and engineering judgement. In this study, the reinforcing effect of the truss bolt system on an underground excavation in layered rock is studied using nonlinear finite element analysis. Different indicators are defined to evaluate the reinforcing effects of the truss bolt system. Using these indicators one can evaluate the effects of a reinforcing system on the deformation, loosened area, failure prevention, horizontal movement of the immediate layer, shear crack propagation and cutter roof failure of underground excavations. Effects of truss bolt on these indicators reveal the working mechanism of the truss bolt system. To illustrate the application of these indicators, a comparative study is conducted between three different truss bolt designs. It is shown that the design parameters of truss bolt systems, including tie-rod span, length, and angle of the bolts can have significant effects on the reinforcing capability of the system. Powered by Editorial Manager® and Preprint Manager® from Aries Systems CorporationNoname manuscript No.(will be inserted by the editor)A study on truss bolt mechanism in controlling stability of underground excavation and cutter roof failureBehrooz Ghabraie · Gang Ren · Yi Min Xie · Kazem GhabraieReceived: date / Accepted: date Abstract The truss bolt reinforcement system has been used in controlling the stability of underground excavations in severe ground conditions and cutter roof failure in layered rocks especially in coal mines. In spite of good application reports, working mechanism of this system is largely unknown and truss bolts are predominantly designed based on past experience and engineering judgement. In this study, the reinforcing effect of the truss bolt system on an underground excavation in layered rock is studied using non-linear finite element analysis. Different indicators are defined to evaluate the reinforcing effects of the truss bolt system. Using these indicators one can evaluate the effects of a reinforcing system on the deformation, loosened area, failure prevention, horizontal movement of the immediate layer, shear crack propagation and cutter roof failure of underground excavations. Effects of truss bolt on these indicators reveal the working mechanism of the truss bolt system. To illustrate the application of these indicators, a comparative study is conducted between three different truss bolt designs. It is shown that the design parameters of truss bolt systems, including tie-rod

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“…Estimation and prediction of stability conditions in mine workings require consideration of the following factors: geological structure, the geometry and distribution of the underground mine workings, mechanical properties of the local rocks, changes in stress caused by mining and the influence of the neighbouring mining openings. Numerical methods as advanced tools are used for studying and projecting complex conditions as well as modelling of rocks behaviour (Mortazavi et al, 2009;Jing, 2003;Jing & Hudson, 2002). Moreover, the geomechanical modelling of salt domes includes the idealisation of geological structure, the selection of appropriate mathematical models and parameters (Heusermann et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Term Analysis of Deformations in Salt Mines: Kłodawa Salt Mine Case Study, Central Poland

Cała¹,

Tajduś²,

Andrusikiewicz³

et al. 2017

Archives of Mining Sciences

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Located in central Poland, the Kłodawa salt dome is 26 km long and about 2 km wide. Exploitation of the dome started in 1956, currently rock salt extraction is carried out in 7 mining fields and the 12 mining levels at the depth from 322 to 625 meters below sea level (m.b.s.l.). It is planned to maintain the mining activity till 2052 and extend rock salt extraction to deeper levels. The dome is characterised by complex geological structure resulted from halokinetic and tectonic processes.Projection of the 3D numerical analysis took into account the following factors: mine working distribution within the Kłodawa mine (about 1000 rooms, 350 km of galleries), complex geological structure of the salt dome, complicated structure and geometry of mine workings and distinction in rocks mechanical properties e.g. rock salt and anhydrite. Analysis of past mine workings deformation and prediction of future rock mass behaviour was divided into four stages: building of the 3D model (state of mine workings in year 2014), model extension of the future mine workings planned for extraction in years 2015-2052, the 3D model calibration and stability analysis of all mine workings. The 3D numerical model of Kłodawa salt mine included extracted and planned mine workings in 7 mining fields and 14 mining levels (about 2000 mine workings). The dimensions of the model were 4200 m × 4700 m × 1200 m what was simulated by 33 million elements. The 3D model was calibrated on the grounds of convergence measurements and laboratory tests. Stability assessment of mine workings was based on analysis of the strength/stress ratio and vertical stress. The strength/stress ratio analysis enabled to indicate endangered area in mine workings and can be defined as the factor of safety. Mine workings in state close to collapse are indicated by the strength/stress ratio equals 1. Analysis of the vertical stress in mine workings produced the estimation of current state of stress in comparison to initial (pre-mining) conditions.The long-term deformation analysis of the Kłodawa salt mine for year 2014 revealed that stability conditions were fulfilled. Local disturbances indicated in the numerical analysis were connected with high chambers included in the mining field no 1 and complex geological structure in the vicinity of mine workings located in the mining fields no 2 and 3. Moreover, numerical simulations that projected the future extraction progress (till year 2052) showed positive performance. Local weakness zones in the mining Wyniki przeprowadzonej analizy numerycznej wykazały, że warunek stateczności wyrobisk Kopalni Soli Kłodawa jest spełniony dla stanu na rok 2014. Lokalnie występujące strefy wytężenia związane są z wysokimi komorami w polu eksploatacyjnym nr 1 oraz złożoną budową geologiczną w otoczeniu wyrobisk zlokalizowanych w polach eksploatacyjnych nr 2 i 3. Prognoza dla projektowanego stanu wyrobisk w roku 2052 (zakończenie eksploatacji) wykazała pozytywne rezultaty. Lokalne strefy osłabienia, które zidentyfikowano w polu eksploatacyjnym nr 7...

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A review of techniques, advances and outstanding issues in numerical modelling for rock mechanics and rock engineering

Cited by 936 publications

References 535 publications

Comparisons between centrifuge and numerical modeling results for slope toppling failure

Comparisons between centrifuge and numerical modeling results for slope toppling failure

A Study on Truss Bolt Mechanism in Controlling Stability of Underground Excavation and Cutter Roof Failure

Long Term Analysis of Deformations in Salt Mines: Kłodawa Salt Mine Case Study, Central Poland

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