A review of surface ozone background levels and trends

Management of Tropospheric Ozone by Reducing Methane Emissions

“…These domestic challenges are exacerbated by the long-range transport of emissions from other nations (1) and by the growth in global background ozone concentrations (2). This increase in background ozone is evident in observations (3)(4)(5)(6), and models have estimated that surface ozone in remote regions has doubled, for example, from 10 to 15 ppb in 1860 to 20-30 ppb in 1993 (7). This historic increase in tropospheric ozone concentrations has been attributed in part to increases in global anthropogenic emissions of methane (8).…”

Ozone concentrations, flux and potential effect on yield during wheat growth in the Northwest-Shandong Plain of China

“…The O 3 concentration is determined by its photochemical reactions with NO x (NO + NO 2 ) and VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) as well as horizontal and vertical large-scale transport (Crutzen et al, 1999;Cape, 2008). According to long-term observations across the globe, ground O 3 concentration levels have been increasing in the past several decades (Monks, 2000;Vingarzan, 2004). In China, fast-paced industrialization and ever-increasing numbers of fossil-fueled vehicles have produced significant amounts of VOCs and NO x , which have led to rapidly increasing atmospheric O 3 concentrations (Wang et al, 2009;Li et al, 2014).…”

Structure and function of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial community respond differently to elevated ozone in field-planted wheat

“…O 3 has been shown to be harmful to human health, vegetation and certain materials (Bytnerowicz et al, 2007;Serengil et al, 2011). Background concentrations of O 3 in the troposphere have continuously increased since the preindustrial age, although control measures on the emission of its precursors have reduced O 3 peaks (Vingarzan, 2004;Derwent et al, 2007). China has undergone rapid industrialization and urbanization in recent decades.…”