A review of solid oxide fuel cell component fabrication methods toward lowering temperature

Abstract

The solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) emerge as an alternative power generation system for high-scale stationary application and power plant station. The SOFC consumption leads to the high-efficiency energy production that forms variety of fuels up to 60% energy conversion; the operation system does not involve the burning process and minimizes the air pollution. Also, the aptitude to provide the cogenerative energy production from the heat waste during the operation process serve SOFC as an attractive green technology and environmentally friendly. However, the SOFC consumption remains limited for transportation and portable applications because the simple design of power source compartment is still the major hurdle in each SOFC component development and commercialization. Therefore, the appropriate fabrication method of each SOFC component is important to achieve the reliability of the SOFC application for the small-scale power generation design. In this paper, an overview of the design types and SOFC components and properties following electrode, electrolyte, interconnect and sealant are discussed and summarized. As the thirdgeneration fuel cells, which entice the commercialization stage, this paper concentrates more on the fabrication method of each SOFC components that were explored including the working principle, advantage, disadvantage and several previous works on each fabrication method, which are described to finding the appropriate fabrication method toward lowering the operating temperature and develop the simple design of SOFC power sources system for the transportation and portable application. The targeted market power production of SOFC system for transportation application is about 5 kW and 250 W for portable application.

A review on the preparation of anode materials and anode films for solid oxide fuel cell applications

“…1-200 μm Simple, fast method, any shape of substrate is doable Choice of solvent media must be chosen carefully [185,202] Tape casting 10-1000 μm Cost-effective, simple, offers large-scale production Slower drying process, crack easily [197,199,200,212] Dry pressing 1-100 μm Simple, reproducible Not suitable for mass production, crack easily after sintering [98,202] Tape calendaring 5-200 μm Vary in thickness, good interfacial structure between the anode and the electrolyte Involving multiple layers for lamination [182,202,214] 3D-printing -Flexible, cost-effective, fast fabrication method Size limitation, high-cost investment for 3D printer, imperfection output image [83] 3D-printing Stereolithography (SLA)…”

Fuel cells as an advanced alternative energy source for the residential sector applications in Malaysia

“…power portable device product for 100 W of energy production using the DEFC system to generate electrical energy. 107 [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] Zakaria et al 108 described how SOFCs could be used for portable device applications. The efficient ways to lower cell operating temperature by reducing electrode and electrolyte thickness.…”

Advanced modification of scandia‐stabilized zirconia electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells application—A review

“…Thus, the YSZ electrolyte is hard to use in low-to-intermediate SOFC applications.. 15 Lowering the operating temperatures of SOFCs is a crucial research objective to resolve existing deficiencies and to improve the potential for the widespread commercialization of this fuel cell technology from portable devices to large-scale applications. 16,17 In addition, the performance of fuel conversion to energy generation for different fuel consumption greatly increases by lowering the operating temperatures of SOFCs. 18,19 For example, the conversion efficiency of carbon monoxide fuel improved from 63% to 81% when the temperature of the SOFC operation was reduced from 900 C to 350 C. 20 Hence, the introduction of an alternative solid electrolyte material with high conductivity properties at low to intermediate operating temperatures is a potential approach to reduce the operating temperature of SOFCs.…”