A Review of Situation Awareness Assessment Approaches in Aviation Environments

Abstract

Situation awareness (SA) is an important constituent in human information processing and essential in pilots' decision-making processes. Acquiring and maintaining appropriate levels of SA is critical in aviation environments as it affects all decisions and actions taking place in flights and air traffic control. This paper provides an overview of recent measurement models and approaches to establishing and enhancing SA in aviation environments. Many aspects of SA are examined including the classification of SA techniques into six categories, and different theoretical SA models from individual, to shared or team, and to distributed or system levels. Quantitative and qualitative perspectives pertaining to SA methods and issues of SA for unmanned vehicles are also addressed. Furthermore, future research directions regarding SA assessment approaches are raised to deal with shortcomings of the existing state-of-the-art methods in the literature.

Automation transparency: implications of uncertainty communication for human-automation interaction and interfaces

“…To achieve a direct and objective measure of SA, the situation awareness global assessment technique (SAGAT) was used (Endsley, 2000;Nguyen, Lim, Duy Nguyen, Gordon-Brown, & Nahavandi, 2018). For this, the simulation was frozen without prior notification and all displays were blanked before the participant was queried about the current state of the driving environment.…”

Everyday automation experience: a research agenda

“…Trials with partly automated cars and under close supervision. Lab-based driving simulator studies as a main source of insight UX and technology acceptance models for automated transport, modeling of cognitive workload, time-criticality and safety aspects, technology acceptance models [e.g., [24], modeling of cognitive workload [e.g., [71], safety and time-criticality aspects [e.g., [36], levels of automation [55], control handovers [39], advanced interaction such as head-up displays, virtual and augmented reality [18,53], ethics [44], awareness and intent communication with passengers and other road users [19], conversational interfaces [8], and alternative activities [16] Human factors research of the past decades [27], including situation awareness [47], intervention and handover situations [69], advanced interaction and visualization [7], teleoperation concepts [72]…”

Situation Awareness and Routing Challenges in Unmanned HAPS/UAV based Communications Networks

“…Similarly, Cuevas and Aguiar [16] focused on ways to develop behavioral measure for assessing SA in UAS operators and how each operator's characteristics impacted mission success. Nguyen et al [14] notes that in beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) scenarios, SA responsibility has to be shared between the UAS operator and 'increasingly autonomous' UAV. The use of mental models to predict future states of the environment was considered by [12] as a critical requirement for UAV SA capability.…”