A Review of Serological Tests to Assist Diagnosis of Reactive Arthritis: Critical Appraisal on Methodologies

Tuuminen, Tamara; Lounamo, Kari; Leirisalo‐Repo, Marjatta

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2013.00418

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…Campylobacteriosis is believed to cause over two million cases of foodborne diarrhea in the US annually, resulting in approximately 100 deaths (CDC, 2013), but it is a more serious infection in developing countries among young children, reflected in the reported 8.8% fatality rate among children younger than five in a study from Kenya (WHO, 2013). Campylobacteriosis can cause post-infectious complications including joint or muscular symptoms (including reactive arthritis) (Hannu et al, 2002, Locht and Krogfelt, 2002, Hill Gaston and Lillicrap, 2003, Hannu et al, 2004, Ajene et al, 2013, Tuuminen et al, 2013) and Guillain-Barre Syndrome (an immune-mediated demyelinating polyneuropathy of peripheral nervous system), which, after the decline in polio cases, became the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis (Jackson et al, 2013, Nyati and Nyati, 2013). Despite the considerable morbidity and socioeconomic cost of campylobacteriosis, many aspects of host-pathogen interaction are not fully understood due to the lack of suitable small animal models (Newell, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidics meets metabolomics to reveal the impact of Campylobacter jejuni infection on biochemical pathways

Mortensen

Mercier

McRitchie

et al. 2016

Biomed Microdevices

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Microfluidic devices that are currently being used in pharmaceutical research also have a significant potential for utilization in investigating exposure to infectious agents. We have established a microfluidic device cultured with Caco-2 cells, and utilized metabolomics to investigate the biochemical responses to the bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni. In the microfluidic devices, Caco-2 cells polarize at day 5, are uniform, have defined brush borders and tight junctions, and form a mucus layer. Metabolomics analysis of cell culture media collected from both Caco-2 cell culture systems demonstrated a more metabolic homogenous biochemical profile in the media collected from microfluidic devices, compared with media collected from transwells. GeneGo pathway mapping indicated that aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis was perturbed by fluid flow, suggesting that fluid dynamics and shear stress impacts the cells translational quality control. Both microfluidic device and transwell culturing systems were used to investigate the impact of Campylobacter jejuni infection on biochemical processes. Caco-2 cells cultured in either system were infected at day 5 with C. jejuni 81-176 for 48 hours. Metabolomics analysis clearly differentiated C. jejuni 81-176 infected and non-infected medias collected from the microfluidic devices, and demonstrated that C. jejuni 81-176 infection in microfluidic devices impacts branched-chain amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis. In contrast, no distinction was seen in the biochemical profiles of infected versus non-infected media collected from cells cultured in transwells. Microfluidic culturing conditions demonstrated a more metabolically homogenous cell population, and present the opportunity for studying host-pathogen interactions for extended periods of time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidics meets metabolomics to reveal the impact of Campylobacter jejuni infection on biochemical pathways

Mortensen

Mercier

McRitchie

et al. 2016

Biomed Microdevices

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“…In humans, the serovar S. Typhimurium causes an acute gastroenteritis characterized by an inflammatory diarrhea and fever (239)(240)(241)(242). In rare cases this is followed by reactive arthritis (243,244). Besides being a significant cause of human morbidity and mortality, S. Typhimurium was one of the first and most powerful models for bacterial genetics.…”

Section: Salmonella Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence by Csr (Rsm) Systems

Vakulskas

Potts

Babitzke

et al. 2015

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

298

400

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SUMMARY Most bacterial pathogens have the remarkable ability to flourish in the external environment and in specialized host niches. This ability requires their metabolism, physiology, and virulence factors to be responsive to changes in their surroundings. It is no surprise that the underlying genetic circuitry that supports this adaptability is multilayered and exceedingly complex. Studies over the past 2 decades have established that the CsrA/RsmA proteins, global regulators of posttranscriptional gene expression, play important roles in the expression of virulence factors of numerous proteobacterial pathogens. To accomplish these tasks, CsrA binds to the 5′ untranslated and/or early coding regions of mRNAs and alters translation, mRNA turnover, and/or transcript elongation. CsrA activity is regulated by noncoding small RNAs (sRNAs) that contain multiple CsrA binding sites, which permit them to sequester multiple CsrA homodimers away from mRNA targets. Environmental cues sensed by two-component signal transduction systems and other regulatory factors govern the expression of the CsrA-binding sRNAs and, ultimately, the effects of CsrA on secretion systems, surface molecules and biofilm formation, quorum sensing, motility, pigmentation, siderophore production, and phagocytic avoidance. This review presents the workings of the Csr system, the paradigm shift that it generated for understanding posttranscriptional regulation, and its roles in virulence networks of animal and plant pathogens.

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“…IgG and especially antibodies of IgA class may persist for several months to years in sera of patients after postinfectious arthritis caused by YE [44]. However, the accuracy of associations between serologic findings and clinical conclusions is hampered by poor standardization of serologic methods [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1A: a possible new trigger of reactive arthritis

et al. 2017

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Yersinia enterocolitica (YE) biotype 1A is generally considered non-pathogenic, and the role of it in causing reactive musculoskeletal complications is unclear. We evaluated the capability of YE biotype 1A to induce reactive arthritis (ReA) and other reactive musculoskeletal symptoms. Analysis of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms was supplemented with a telephone interview (with a permission to acquire copies of patient files from a local physician or hospital) and/or clinical examination of subjects with recent musculoskeletal symptoms after a positive stool culture for YE. The diagnoses of ReA and reactive tendinitis and enthesitis (ReTe) were defined as "definite" when based on clinical examination and/or on interview by phone and "probable" when based solely on the questionnaire. Of 120 subjects, who reported musculoskeletal symptoms, 100 were included in the final analysis. Among these 100 patients, 68% had YE biotype 1A, 16% YE bio/serotype 4, and 1% biotype 2 infection; the remaining 15% had different YE-like strains or a non-biotypable strain. Of the 21 patients with ReA and of the 14 patients with ReTe, the diagnosis was definite in 9 and 7 patients and probable in 12 and 7 patients, respectively. The clinical picture of ReA caused by YE biotype 1A was similar with other bio/serotypes of YE. The definite ReA due to YE biotype 1A occurred in middle-aged adults (5 men, 4 women) with the most frequently affected joints being the knees and ankles. We suggest that YE biotype 1A should be taken into account as a new trigger of ReA.

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A Review of Serological Tests to Assist Diagnosis of Reactive Arthritis: Critical Appraisal on Methodologies

Cited by 21 publications

References 68 publications

Microfluidics meets metabolomics to reveal the impact of Campylobacter jejuni infection on biochemical pathways

Microfluidics meets metabolomics to reveal the impact of Campylobacter jejuni infection on biochemical pathways

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence by Csr (Rsm) Systems

Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1A: a possible new trigger of reactive arthritis

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