A review of SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccines: Viral properties, mutations, vaccine efficacy, and safety

Islam, Md. Aminul

doi:10.1016/j.imj.2023.08.005

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 82 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Due to less tendency of allergic reactions, costefficacy, and rapid development, these approaches are preferred over traditional vaccine development methods. Similar approaches have been taken previously in developing vaccines against Zika, Ebola, chikungunya, SARS-CoV-2, and even DENV, but no vaccine could come into the commercial market [21][22][23][24][25]. Notably, our designed vaccine surpassed all dengue vaccines in terms of antigenicity, population coverage, serotype coverage, structural integrity, and many other aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Design of a novel epitope-based tetravalent subunit vaccine against dengue virus: an immunoinformatics approach

Ferdousy,

Miraz,

Arian

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dengue imposes profound global impact, with millions affected annually. Its transmission by Aedes mosquitoes poses significant challenges to combat, aggravated by urbanization and climate change. Despite efforts, no impeccable antiviral treatment exists to date, highlighting the urgency for a vaccine. Developing one encounters hurdles like the four distinctive serotypes of the virus and complex immune responses. In this study, we employed an immunoinformatics approach to design an epitope-based tetravalent subunit vaccine aimed at confronting all DENV serotypes. The study contemplates epitopes prediction, toxicity assessment, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, immune simulations. On sequence retrieval, the epitopes were predicted and prioritized. The sequence of the finally designed vaccine was reached after a broad analysis of the antigenicity scores, serotype coverage, and population coverage. Human beta-defensin 3 has been added as an adjuvant to the core vaccine sequence that comprises 23 epitopes and linkers. Notably, the vaccine has the highest antigenicity (0.9319) and 97.35% population coverage worldwide. The molecular docking operations of the vaccine with toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 showed promising interactions with lowest energies of -1240.5 kJ/mol (76 members) and -1393.3 kJ/mol (40 members), respectively. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were run up to 200 nanoseconds, and the complexes of the vaccine with TLR2 and TLR4 were found to be very stable and flexible. Moreover, in immune simulations, the vaccine evoked robust immune responses. These findings suggest that our vaccine outperforms any other Dengue vaccine developed to date. However, since this study was conducted through in silico methods, in vitro and in vivo validations are required to confirm the vaccine as a potential candidate for clinical trials.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Design of a novel epitope-based tetravalent subunit vaccine against dengue virus: an immunoinformatics approach

Ferdousy,

Miraz,

Arian

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Vaccination campaigns therefore come up against resistance that prevents collective immunity from being achieved. The constant evolution of new virus variants due to mutations adds an additional layer of complexity, requiring adaptability in our approach to counteracting the virus [6]. It is therefore imperative to explore effective antiviral solutions to improve the response to the pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides and Lectins: A Natural Complementary Approach against the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Lefter,

Balyan,

Balmus

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the cause of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has emerged as a global pandemic, with a high toll on casualties, economic impact, and human lifestyle. Despite the recent approval of various vaccines against the virus, challenges remain, including the limited availability of these vaccines, the prevalent rejection of vaccination by a large proportion of the population, and the recurrent appearance of new variants of the virus due to mutations. This context raises the alarm for scientists and clinicians to seek alternative and complementary therapies. In this context, natural products and their derivatives serve as reservoirs for potential therapeutic compounds that can be exploited in the research and production of antiviral drugs against COVID-19. Among these substances, lectin and polysaccharides isolated from fauna and flora emerge as complementary strategies for treating coronavirus infection. The review objective is to cover and analyze the specific role of polysaccharides and lectins and their synergy in the fight against this deadly SARS-CoV-2 virus. For this purpose, a primary literature search was conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Sciences using relevant keywords like “SARS-CoV-2 Variants”; “Antiviral Strategies”; “Antiviral Polysaccharides”; “Antiviral Lectins”; and “Synergistic effect”. The results demonstrate that lectins and polysaccharides exhibit antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2 via mechanisms related to binding and steric blocking, the binding of glycan-based decoys, chemical reactions, virus particle disruption strategies, and steric blocking for competitive inhibition to block SARS-CoV-2 and its variants’ entry. In addition, this review analyzes the rationale behind combining polysaccharides and lectins, emphasizing complementary mechanisms of action. By simultaneously targeting multiple stages of the viral life cycle, this dual strategy aims to comprehensively inhibit viral propagation and enhance the durability of antiviral strategies over time.

show abstract

“…Numerous people are still infected by SARS-CoV-2 every day, and infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to pathological sequelae in multiple organs [1] , [2] . The SARS-CoV-2 virus mutated fast and lots of variants emerged such as Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variants since the outbreak of COVID-19 at late 2019 [3] . The Delta variant was once a dominant variant worldwide in 2021, and the infection of Delta variant could lead to more severe disease than that of Omicron [4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an RBD-Fc fusion vaccine for COVID-19

Sun,

Li,

Luo

et al. 2024

Vaccine: X

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A review of SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccines: Viral properties, mutations, vaccine efficacy, and safety

Cited by 11 publications

References 82 publications

Design of a novel epitope-based tetravalent subunit vaccine against dengue virus: an immunoinformatics approach

Design of a novel epitope-based tetravalent subunit vaccine against dengue virus: an immunoinformatics approach

Polysaccharides and Lectins: A Natural Complementary Approach against the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Development of an RBD-Fc fusion vaccine for COVID-19

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About