A review of rotavirus vaccine use in Asia and the Pacific regions: challenges and future prospects

Buchy, Philippe; Chen, Jing; Zhang, Xuhao; Benninghoff, Bernd; Lee, Christa; Bibera, Gyneth Lourdes

doi:10.1080/14760584.2020.1853532

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Sub-Saharan Africa bears the biggest burden, with over 125,000 deaths annually, followed by South Asia, where more than 30,000 death under five years of age occur every year due to rotavirus [27]. In addition, rotavirus is still a highly prevalent cause of diarrhea worldwide and is responsible for a substantial non-fatal burden of diarrhea globally, with the majority of this burden being documented in the regions of sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia [28][29][30]. However, it has become evident that globally available rotavirus vaccines showed varying degrees of efficacy in different regions indicating a clear disparity between regions based on resource availability [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] (Figures 1-2).…”

Section: Licensure and Use Of Rotavirus Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus vaccines performance: dynamic interdependence of host, pathogen and environment

Saha

Ota

Pereira

et al. 2021

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Introduction: As of January 2021, rotavirus vaccination programs have been implemented in 109 countries and their use has resulted in a positive impact on rotavirus-related diarrheal hospitalizations and mortality in children below five years of age. Despite these successes, several countries in Africa and Asia where disease burden is high have not yet implemented rotavirus vaccination at all or at a scale sufficient enough to demonstrate impact. This could be, among other reasons, due to poor vaccine coverage and the modest levels of efficacy and effectiveness of the vaccines in these resource-limited settings. Areas covered:We review various factors related to the human host (malnutrition, maternally-derived antibodies and breastfeeding, genetic factors, blood group and coadministration with oral polio vaccine), rotavirus pathogen (force of infection, strain diversity and coinfections) and the environment (related to the human microbiome) which reflect complex and interconnected processes leading to diminished vaccine performance in resource-limited settings. Expert opinion:Addressing the limiting factors for vaccine efficacy is needed but likely to take a long time to be resolved. An immediate solution is to increase the immunization coverage to higher values generating an overall effect of adequate proportion of protected population to reduce the prevalence of rotavirus disease.

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Section: Licensure and Use Of Rotavirus Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus vaccines performance: dynamic interdependence of host, pathogen and environment

Saha

Ota

Pereira

et al. 2021

Expert Review of Vaccines

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The APAC region is the most affected area, experiencing a 9% decline in vaccine coverage [ 5 ]. Due to the heavy burden of communicable diseases among children in most APAC countries, the coverage decline could put millions of children at risk of vaccine-preventable diseases [ 6 ]. Understanding the severity of the disruption and potential factors is urgently needed for securing a resilient global vaccine supply chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to DTP-Based Combination Vaccines in Asia–Pacific Countries between 2019 and 2022

Ma,

Sun,

Cui

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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The Asia–Pacific countries are highly diverse in health and economic conditions that may impact vaccine access and uptake. Our study aimed to characterize patterns of health access to DTP-based combination vaccines in 10 countries from 2019 to 2022 using the IQVIA-MIDAS database. The availability, affordability, and accessibility were compared across countries by national health and economic performance indicators using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Our findings showed that the three aspects of access to DTP-based vaccines varied substantially in the Asia–Pacific region, with higher levels in countries with better health and economic performance. Affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine accessibility fluctuates significantly in lower-income countries, with DTP coverage rates falling by more than 14% in the Philippines and Indonesia between 2019 and 2021. For availability and affordability, Singapore and Malaysia from high-income groups were largely affected, which may be related to health expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product (Coefficient = 0.39, p = 0.03). Our study indicates that greater attention needs to be paid to national health expenditure and routine immunization services to improve vaccine disparities and increase the robustness and resilience of the vaccine supply chain during public health emergencies.

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“…As of November 2019, rotavirus vaccination was available or planned in 120 countries. 10 Although rotavirus vaccines are commercially available, they are mostly unaffordable in developing countries. Children in low-income and middle-income countries are far more likely to be infected earlier in life than those in high-income countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and safety of a new hexavalent rotavirus vaccine in Chinese infants: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial

Wu,

Jin,

et al. 2023

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Rotavirus remains a major cause of diarrhea among 5-y-old children, and vaccination is currently the most effective and economical measure. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial designed to determine the dosage, immunogenicity, and safety profile of a novel hexavalent rotavirus vaccine. In total, 480 eligible healthy infants, who were 6–12 weeks of age at the time of randomization were randomly allocated (1:1:1) to receive 10 5.5 focus-forming unit (FFU) or 10 6.5 FFU of vaccine or placebo on a 0, 28 and 56-d schedule. Blood samples were collected 28 d after the third dose to assess rotavirus immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody levels. Adverse events (AEs) up to 28 d after each dose and serious adverse events (SAEs) up to 6 months after the third dose were recorded as safety measurements. The anti-rotavirus IgA seroconversion rate of the vaccine groups reached more than 70.00%, ranging from 74.63% to 76.87%. The postdose 3 (PD3) geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) of anti-rotavirus IgA among vaccine recipients ranged from 76.97 U/ml to 84.46 U/ml. At least one solicited AE was recorded in 114 infants (71.25%) in the high-dose vaccine group, 106 infants (66.25%) in the low-dose vaccine group and 104 infants (65.00%) in the placebo group. The most frequently solicited AE was fever. The novel oral hexavalent rotavirus vaccine was safe and immunogenic in infants support the conclusion to advance the candidate vaccine for phase 3 efficacy trials.

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A review of rotavirus vaccine use in Asia and the Pacific regions: challenges and future prospects

Cited by 8 publications

References 82 publications

Rotavirus vaccines performance: dynamic interdependence of host, pathogen and environment

Rotavirus vaccines performance: dynamic interdependence of host, pathogen and environment

Access to DTP-Based Combination Vaccines in Asia–Pacific Countries between 2019 and 2022

Immunogenicity and safety of a new hexavalent rotavirus vaccine in Chinese infants: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial

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