A review of return-stroke models based on transmission line theory

Conti, Alberto De; Silveira, Fernando; Visacro, Silvério; Cardoso, Thiago N. C.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2015.06.018

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We obtain good correspondence of the RS modeled magnetic field waveforms both with measured data and with typical waveforms for different distances from a lightning discharge. We also reach a better correspondence between the modeled and observed waveforms than the older discharge type models (De Conti et al., 2015). Our model has several free parameters which enable the potential users to estimate the properties of the thundercloud charge structure and of the RS channel to model the observed waveforms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…This is the same type of excitation as we use in our work. However, this class of models has difficulties to reproduce the measured electric and magnetic field waveforms (De Conti et al., 2015). Thus our model can be considered as an improvement of the discharge type models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though our model belongs to the category of the electromagnetic RS models, it has some similarities with the discharge type of the distributed circuit RS models (De Conti et al., 2015). This type of RS model uses grounded conditions to initiate a current pulse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, we have plenty of data regarding electromagnetic fields radiated by RSs, channel base currents or luminosity observations. Although we have a rather good understanding of the processes occurring during the RS stage thanks to these observations, and also thanks to several categories of models which have been introduced in the past (Cooray, 2012; De Conti et al., 2015; Rakov & Uman, 1998, 2003; Uman, 2001), all phenomena occurring in RSs and relevant physics are far from being completely understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model of the First Lightning Return Stroke Using Bidirectional Leader Concept

2022

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We have developed a new lightning return stroke model which takes into account a realistic charge distribution to compute the ambient electric potential. It contains a nonlinear resistance model for the development of the finite conductivity of the lightning channel. It also describes a redistribution of charges after the bottom end of the channel is attached to the potential of the ground. The model is based on solving Maxwell's equations linked to Poisson's equation, and coupled with Ohm's law. The waveshape of the current at the channel base is obtained from the model. The simulated current decreases and its rise time increases with height, which is in accordance with the luminosity observations. The electric and magnetic field waveforms modeled for different distances from the lightning flash show that most of the waveform features typically observed at these distances are well reproduced. We also successfully compare modeled magnetic field waveforms with measurements at the distances larger than 30 km.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model of the First Lightning Return Stroke Using Bidirectional Leader Concept

2022

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“…The nonlinear distributed circuit model of the return stroke developed by Visacro and De Conti (2005; RLCG line with R being an exponential function of time, whose time constant was an adjustable parameter) successfully reproduced the main features of electromagnetic field waveforms observed at different distances for natural and rocket-triggered lightning. Reviews of lightning return stroke models based on the distributed circuit (transmission line) theory were published by Rakov and Uman (2003, Chapter 12) and more recently by De Conti et al (2015). Bazelyan (1995) was the first to model the lightning M-component as a transient process in an RLC distributed circuit.…”

Section: Existing Distributed Circuit Models Of Lightning Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Advanced Model of Lightning M‐Component

Tran

Rakov

2019

JGR Atmospheres

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An advanced nonlinear and nonuniform distributed circuit (RLCG) model of lightning M‐component has been developed. The model accounts for the variation of the series resistance R of M‐component channel due to its heating by the transient current and its subsequent cooling, longitudinal voltage drop along the channel due to the background continuing current, ohmic losses in the channel corona sheath (represented by shunt conductance G), and variation of series inductance L and shunt capacitance C of the channel with height above ground. The model was tested against the channel‐base current and corresponding close electric fields measured for seven M‐components in negative lightning triggered using the rocket‐and‐wire technique. Detailed sensitivity analysis was performed for one M‐component. The influences of height‐varying series inductance and shunt capacitance and the length of in‐cloud channel (representing the excitation source) on the computed current and field waveforms were found to be relatively insignificant, while the influences of ohmic losses in the channel corona sheath and voltage drop along the grounded channel were significant. The effects of background continuing current level and grounding resistance were significant for M‐field, but not for M‐current. Model‐predicted overall power and current profiles below the cloud base are consistent with the observed M‐component luminosity profiles and are drastically different from the observed downward leader/upward return stroke profiles. The characteristic feature of M‐components, the time shift between the current onset and close electric field peak (essentially absent for leader/return stroke sequences), was well reproduced by our model.

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Electric fields calculation of lightning return-strokes in the presence of an attachment point above the ground

Gong²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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A review of return-stroke models based on transmission line theory

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Model of the First Lightning Return Stroke Using Bidirectional Leader Concept

Model of the First Lightning Return Stroke Using Bidirectional Leader Concept

An Advanced Model of Lightning M‐Component

Electric fields calculation of lightning return-strokes in the presence of an attachment point above the ground

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