A review of research progress and prospects of modified two-dimensional catalysts based on black phosphorus in the oxygen reduction reaction

Abstract

In two-dimensional ORR catalysts such as black phosphorus (BP), modified heterostructures accelerate charge transfer. The substrate provides more active sites. This reduces dependence on precious metals and improves catalytic performance.

Potent Noble Metal–Nickel Oxide Interaction: A Strategy for Improved Oxygen Reduction Reaction via Engineering the Electronic Structure

“…The first electron transfer to the oxygen molecule significantly affects the total rate of electroreduction, while the adsorption of oxygen on the catalyst surface represents the initial mechanical step of the process. 58 Among the fabricated electrodes, the Pd@NiO|Ni electrode demonstrated the highest current density with more positive ORR onset and reduction potentials, as shown in Figure 4b. This improved catalytic activity of the Pd@NiO|Ni electrode is because of the uniform dispersion of cluster-like Pd, strong metal−support interaction effect, and synergistic effects with an optimized electronic structure.…”

“…In the alkaline electrolyte media, the NM@NiO|Ni electrodes predominantly supported the four-electron ORR route. The first electron transfer to the oxygen molecule significantly affects the total rate of electroreduction, while the adsorption of oxygen on the catalyst surface represents the initial mechanical step of the process . Among the fabricated electrodes, the Pd@NiO|Ni electrode demonstrated the highest current density with more positive ORR onset and reduction potentials, as shown in Figure b.…”