A review of research and development of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle technology in nuclear engineering applications

Wu, Pan; Ma, Yunduo; Gao, Chuntian; Liu, Weihua; Shan, Jianqiang; Huang, Yanping; Wang, Junfeng; Zhang, Dan; Xu, Ruidong

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.110767

Cited by 118 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…9 Since the beginning of the 21st century, the SCO 2 power cycle has re-entered people's awareness with the development of the fourth generation nuclear reactor (Gen IV, core temperature 500-900 C). 6 This cycle can well match various types of heat sources and can be applied in many fields, such as nuclear power, [10][11][12] solar power, [13][14][15] thermal power, [16][17][18] and waste heat recovery. [19][20][21] At the same time, the SCO 2 cycle has high efficiency, compactness, and low noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic and economic comparison of supercritical carbon dioxide coal‐fired power system with different improvements

et al. 2021

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The supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO 2 ) Brayton cycle is expected to become the new generation of power cycle for coal-fired power units. Most previous studies on system and parameter optimizations of SCO 2 power systems aimed to improve thermal performance, and some of them also involved the economic performance evaluation of the configurations they proposed. However, the configurations included in previous economic analyses are limited, and the models used in different papers are different. Although many improved configurations of SCO 2 coal-fired power generation system have been proposed, currently, there is a lack of comparison under the unified thermal-economic evaluation standard. Thus, this study focuses on the economic optimization and comparison of the performances of different advanced configurations of SCO 2 coal-fired power systems under the unified standard. Thermodynamic and economic optimization models are developed, and various configurations are proposed, representing improvements from four aspects (mediumtemperature flue gas heat utilization, reheating, waste heat recovery, and main compressor intercooling) based on a recompression system. The system parameters are also economically optimized with the genetic algorithm. Results show that integrating the SCO 2 benchmark cycle, medium temperature economizer, single-reheat, flue bypass, low temperature economizer and main compressor intercooling into the coal-fired power unit yields excellent thermo-economic performance. This configuration has the highest power generation efficiency of 47.93% and the lowest levelized cost of electricity of 0.0540 USD kW −1 hour −1 compared to others. Furthermore, the influences of specific parameters on power generation cost are analyzed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic and economic comparison of supercritical carbon dioxide coal‐fired power system with different improvements

et al. 2021

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“…This returns to the distinguishing features of the sCO 2 power cycles, such as compactness, 2 high efficiencies, 3 and ability to capture CO 2 emissions 4 . These sCO 2 power cycles can be integrated with a variety of applications, such as 5 : (1) nuclear reactors (which were reviewed in Wu et al 6 and analyzed in Du et al 7 ); (2) concentrated solar power (CSP), which were reviewed in Li et al, 8 presented for dry‐cooling conditions in Khatoon et al, 9 and introduced with direct integration as in Son et al, 10 or indirect integration as in Linares et al 11 ; (3) waste heat recovery through integration with bottoming cycles, 12 direct carbon fuel cell, 13 coupling with high‐grade waste heat sources, 14 or specific industries such as steel industry, 15 and direct oxy‐combustion (DOC) technologies 16 . Therefore, in the open literature, various configurations for the sCO 2 power block are proposed and investigated for these applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive thermoeconomic, exergoeconomic, and optimization analyses of direct oxy‐combustion supercritical CO₂ intercooled and reheated cycles under design and off‐design conditions

Al‐Ammari

Sleiti

2022

Energy Science & Engineering

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This study presents comprehensive energetic, exergetic, exergoeconomic, and economic (4E) performance analyses for four direct oxy-combustion (DOC) supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO 2 ) power cycles at design, off-design, and part-load conditions. These cycles include the dual recuperator cycle (DRC), intercooling cycle (ICC), partial intercooling cycle (PIC), and reheating cycle (RHC). The analyses were conducted at relatively low turbine inlet temperatures (TIT: 550-750°C) with compressor inlet temperature (CIT) varied from 33°C (wet-cooling) to 50°C (dry-cooling). Furthermore, single-and multiobjective optimization analyses were conducted for each cycle. At design conditions (high-pressure of P c,o = 20 MPa, lowpressure of P c,o = 5.4 MPa, TIT = 750°C, CIT = 50°C [dry-cooling]), the PIC has the highest thermal efficiency (47.78%) compared to 38.36% for DRC, 45.71% for ICC, and 44.39% for RHC. At optimized conditions (P c,o = 30 MPa, P c,o = 8 MPa, TIT = 744°C, CIT = 30°C [wet-cooling]), the ICC shows superior energetic performance (52.08%) compared to 47.97% for DRC, 49.20% for PIC, and 48.62% for RHC. At offdesign conditions with a power demand (PD) of 40% of the design load (50 MW), the thermal efficiency is decreased by 21.82% in DRC, 17.71% in ICC, 22.46% in PIC, and 13.60% in RHC. The ICC has the minimum levelized cost of electricity compared to the other cycles with 5.93 ¢/kWh at design conditions (dry-cooling), 5.65 ¢/kWh at optimized conditions (wet-cooling), and 7.2 ¢/kWh at minimum PD (21 MW). Therefore, from an economic point of view, the ICC is recommended as the best power block for a sCO 2 power cycle driven by oxy-combustor at moderate TITs. The study also provides constructive comparisons between the DOC-sCO 2 and indirect (nuclear, solar, and waste heat) sCO 2 power cycle systems and the future research directions.

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“…Wang et al (Wang et al, 2017) compared six different system layouts with reheating coupled with a molten salt energy storage system. Wu et al (Wu et al, 2020) analyzed various sCO 2 Brayton cycles for small modular reactors, generation IV reactors, and fusion reactors. White et al (White et al, 2021) summarized the technical and operational challenges of sCO 2 power cycles, including turbomachinery and heat exchanger design, material selection, and optimal operation and control methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Design and Application of Supercritical and Transcritical CO2 Power Cycles: A Review

2021

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Improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions are crucial for the technological advancement of power systems. Various carbon dioxide (CO2) power cycles have been proposed for various applications. For high-temperature heat sources, the CO2 power system is more efficient than the ultra-supercritical steam Rankine cycle. As a working fluid, CO2 exhibits environmentally friendly properties. CO2 can be used as an alternative to organic working fluids in small- and medium-sized power systems for low-grade heat sources. In this paper, the main configurations and performance characteristics of CO2 power systems are reviewed. Furthermore, recent system improvements of CO2 power cycles, including supercritical Brayton cycles and transcritical Rankine cycles, are presented. Applications of combined systems and their economic performance are discussed. Finally, the challenges and potential future developments of CO2 power cycles are discussed. CO2 power cycles have their advantages in various applications. As working fluids must exhibit environmentally-friendly properties, CO2 power cycles provide an alternative for power generation, especially for low-grade heat sources.

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A review of research and development of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle technology in nuclear engineering applications

Cited by 118 publications

References 66 publications

Thermodynamic and economic comparison of supercritical carbon dioxide coal‐fired power system with different improvements

Thermodynamic and economic comparison of supercritical carbon dioxide coal‐fired power system with different improvements

Comprehensive thermoeconomic, exergoeconomic, and optimization analyses of direct oxy‐combustion supercritical CO₂ intercooled and reheated cycles under design and off‐design conditions

System Design and Application of Supercritical and Transcritical CO2 Power Cycles: A Review

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A review of research and development of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle technology in nuclear engineering applications

Cited by 118 publications

References 66 publications

Thermodynamic and economic comparison of supercritical carbon dioxide coal‐fired power system with different improvements

Thermodynamic and economic comparison of supercritical carbon dioxide coal‐fired power system with different improvements

Comprehensive thermoeconomic, exergoeconomic, and optimization analyses of direct oxy‐combustion supercritical CO2 intercooled and reheated cycles under design and off‐design conditions

System Design and Application of Supercritical and Transcritical CO2 Power Cycles: A Review

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Comprehensive thermoeconomic, exergoeconomic, and optimization analyses of direct oxy‐combustion supercritical CO₂ intercooled and reheated cycles under design and off‐design conditions