A Review of Recent Advances in Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Theranostics of Glioblastoma

Abstract

Rapid vascular growth, infiltrative cells and high tumor heterogenicity are some glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) characteristics, making it the most lethal form of brain cancer. Low efficacy of the conventional treatment modalities leads to rampant disease progression and a median survival of 15 months. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), due to their unique physical features/inherent abilities, have emerged as a suitable theranostic platform for targeted GBM treatment. Thus, new strategies are being designed to enhance the efficiency of existing therapeutic techniques such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and so on, using MNPs. Herein, the limitations of the current therapeutic strategies, the role of MNPs in mitigating those inadequacies, recent advances in the MNP-based theranostics of GBM and possible future directions are discussed.

Biomimetic nanotherapeutics for targeted drug delivery to glioblastoma multiforme

“…Higher targeting specificity with usage of external magnetic field 136 2. Wide range of applications, including theranostics 137 1. Low immunogenicity 58 2.…”

Precision Medicine at a Nanoscale: Targeted Nanotechnology as a Promising Strategy for Glioblastoma Therapy

“…As a result, innovative methods utilising MNPs are being developed to increase the effectiveness of current therapeutic techniques such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and others. [15] For guided glioma surgery and multimodal imaging, a photothermal nanoprobe which contains with macrophage capable of crossing the BBB and accumulating in deep gliomas is employed. For example MFe3O4-Cy5.5 is the one photothermal nanoprobe which is able to pass the BBB.…”

Chlorin e6-modified iron oxide nanoparticles for photothermal-photodynamic ablation of glioblastoma cells

“…At present, the treatment of glioma is mainly based on surgery, which can be used to resect early small tumors in appropriate locations ( Lara-Velazquez et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2019a ; De Witt Hamer et al, 2019 ). As the tumor grows due to its unclear boundaries, it is difficult to completely remove tumor cells ( Wang et al, 2022 ; Dhar et al, 2022 ; Sandbhor et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2023 ). Therefore, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy have been used to combine surgery to further delay the progression of the disease and improve survival time ( Zhang et al, 2019b ; Ruan et al, 2019 ; Han et al, 2020 ; Lu et al, 2020 ; Alghamri et al, 2022 ; Wang et al, 2022 ; Li et al, 2022 ; Sun et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ; Zhang et al, 2023 ).…”