A review of radiation-grafted polymer electrolyte membranes for alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Zhou, Tianchi; Shao, Rong; Chen, Song; He, Xuemei; Qiao, Jinli; Zhang, Jiujun

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.026

Cited by 80 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 265 publications

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“…[37,38] The 6 m KOH aqueous solution with 0.2 m Zn(CH 3 COO) 2 additives are absorbed to fortify ionic conductivity of the as-fabricated dual-network hydrogel. Moreover, partial OH − from KOH connects with PANa and cellulose chains by hydrogen bonds, which could provide the transport paths for electrolyte ions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Super‐Stretchable Zinc–Air Batteries Based on an Alkaline‐Tolerant Dual‐Network Hydrogel Electrolyte

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

308

292

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remains a challenge. Meanwhile, zincair battery provides a theoretical energy density up to 1086 Wh•kg −1 , even much higher than commercial lithium-ion batteries, promising to next-generation longlasting power system. [1][2][3][4][5] In addition, the process of assembling zinc-air battery does not require water-free and/or oxygenfree environment, which is in favor of scaling up at low cost. [6][7][8][9][10] Therefore, developing stretchable zinc-air batteries with stretchability and weavability will be highly attractive as a power unit for various flexible/wearable devices.The difficulty to develop super-stretchable zinc-air battery is that it must use strong alkaline electrolyte (always 6 m KOH) to achieve decent power density considering all zinc-air batteries with neutral electrolyte possess unacceptable low power output. [11,12] On the other hand, most super-stretchable hydrogels that are considered as an essential component of a stretchable energy storage device will lose their stretchability under such strong alkaline environment. Currently, a zincair battery is typically assembled using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based electrolyte. [2,[13][14][15][16][17] However, the PVA-based electrolyte possesses very poor stretchability (even worse when alkaline electrolyte infiltrated), and meanwhile it shows limited ion-transport capability, resulting in poorly electrochemical performance and mechanical flexibility. [18][19][20][21] Although other hydrogels, such as polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyacrylamide (PAM), show strong water-retention capability and high stretchability, [22,23] unfortunately, they will lose their mechanical robustness, especially the stretchability, when they are incorporated with strong alkaline electrolyte. [24][25][26] Therefore, the absence of alkaline-tolerant hydrogel electrolyte with high stretchability and excellent ion transport capability is the key challenge to fabricate super-stretchable zinc-air battery and enhance its weavability. An alternative way to fabricate stretchable zinc-air battery (very limited stretchability with a maximum strain less than 10%) has been proposed, that is to use electron/ion-inactive stretchable substrate (e.g., rubber elastomer) or strain-accommodating engineering of device structure (e.g., fiber-shaped planar structure). [27][28][29] The problem is that the stretchable components are additional, and they are not involved in any chemical reactions. In some cases, Stretchable devices need elastic hydrogel electrolyte as an essential component, while most hydrogels will lose their stretchability after being incorporated with strong alkaline solution. This is why highly stretchable zinc-air batteries have never been reported so far. Herein, super-stretchable, flat-(800% stretchable) and fiber-shaped (500% stretchable) zinc-air batteries are first developed by designing an alkaline-tolerant dual-network hydrogel electrolyte. In the dualnetwork hydrogel electrolyte, sodium polyacrylate (PANa) chains contribute to the formation of soft domains and the carboxyl gr...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Super‐Stretchable Zinc–Air Batteries Based on an Alkaline‐Tolerant Dual‐Network Hydrogel Electrolyte

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

308

292

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These above-mentioned materials are expensive and the need for a material that is cheap with a better performance is becoming very important. Composite Membranes have been made from materials like hydrocarbons [43,54,56,[78][79][80][81][82], ceramics [83] [22,58,83], graphene [65,[84][85][86][87] among others. Current research efforts aims to produce catalytic membranes wholly made of composites thus replacing Nafion.…”

Section: Preparation Of Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel cell membranes – Pros and cons

Ogungbemi

Ijaodola

Khatib

et al. 2019

Energy

170

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This investigation provides a critical analysis of the development of PEM fuel cells and related research with specific focus on the membrane material. The catalytic membrane is the most important component of the PEMFC giving rise to the need for the use of efficient, durable and cheap material to reduce the overall cost of the fuel cell. In this work, the need for materials other than Nafion to be used as PEM membranes is established and a case for the use of composite membranes material in fuel cells is made. Composite membranes increase the cell voltage by up to 11% even at high cell operating temperature of 95°C. They also increase the overall performance of the cell by up to 17% when dry hydrogen is utilised.Non-fluorinated membranes are also suitable for use in fuel cells for portable applications but they are very expensive and less conductive. Partially fluorinated membranes have good mechanical stability but expensive. The fluorinated membrane has high stability under oxidation and reduction conditions. Unfortunately, they only reach their optimum performance at ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1 temperatures below 100°C which makes them of limited use in PEM fuel cells application at higher temperatures.

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“…In addition, the EIGP process can be applied without owning an electron-beam accelerator, since fifteen thousand electron accelerators are commercially available worldwide. 25 The simultaneous irradiation grafting method, which has been widely used for polymer surface modification, [26][27][28][29][30] was applied for this experiment. The inner surface of the PF microchip microchannel has been functionalized by the EIGP, followed by immobilization of the probe DNA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of a Surface-functionalized Power-free PDMS Microchip for MicroRNA Detection Utilizing Electron Beam-induced Graft Polymerization

et al. 2017

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We propose an easy microchannel surface functionalization method for a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchip that utilizes electron beam-induced graft polymerization (EIGP) as a platform for microchip-based biomarker analysis. Unlike other grafting techniques, EIGP enables rapid surface modification of PDMS without initiator immobilization. The grafted microchip is preservable, and can be easily functionalized for versatile applications. In this study, the surfacefunctionalized power-free microchip (SF-PF microchip) was used for the detection of microRNA (miRNA), which is a biomarker for many serious diseases. The EIGP enables high-density three-dimensional probe DNA immobilization, resulting in rapid and sensitive miRNA detection on the portable SF-PF microchip. The limit of detection was 0.8 pM, the required sample volume was 0.5 μL, and the analysis time was 15 min. The SF-PF microchip will be a versatile platform for microchip-based point-of-care diagnosis.

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A review of radiation-grafted polymer electrolyte membranes for alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Cited by 80 publications

References 265 publications

Super‐Stretchable Zinc–Air Batteries Based on an Alkaline‐Tolerant Dual‐Network Hydrogel Electrolyte

Super‐Stretchable Zinc–Air Batteries Based on an Alkaline‐Tolerant Dual‐Network Hydrogel Electrolyte

Fuel cell membranes – Pros and cons

Preparation of a Surface-functionalized Power-free PDMS Microchip for MicroRNA Detection Utilizing Electron Beam-induced Graft Polymerization

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