A review of prostate cancer imaging, positron emission tomography, and radiopharmaceutical-based therapy

Abstract

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Radium-223 and Actinium-225 α-Emitter Radiopharmaceuticals in Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

“…The most frequent location of prostate cancer in the peripheral zone, and adenocarcinoma accounts for the majority of cases, generally arising from acinar cells in the prostate gland and accompanied by a rise in serum prostatespecific antigen (PSA). PSA is unaffected by some tumor forms, including neuroendocrine tumors, small-cell carcinoma, and transitional cell carcinoma [1].…”

Salvage lymph node dissection for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)-identified oligometastatic disease

“…State-of-the-art imaging modalities such as the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computerized tomography (CT) and PSMA PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy in identifying low-volume PCa in biochemical recurrence patients. [11][12][13] In this context, salvage lymph node dissection (SLND) carries promise of an individualized approach to prolonging progression-free survival (PFS), delaying time to palliative ADT, and potentially prolonging survival. 13 Multiple retrospective studies have assessed the role of SLND in this setting with encouraging results; however, there is a lack of level 1 evidence to define the role and value of SLND in oligometastatic PCa.…”

“…[11][12][13] In this context, salvage lymph node dissection (SLND) carries promise of an individualized approach to prolonging progression-free survival (PFS), delaying time to palliative ADT, and potentially prolonging survival. 13 Multiple retrospective studies have assessed the role of SLND in this setting with encouraging results; however, there is a lack of level 1 evidence to define the role and value of SLND in oligometastatic PCa. 14,15 Further understanding of the role of surgery in the MDT sphere remains an important pre-requisite in allowing clinicians to exercise better judgement when deriving therapeutic approaches to this pathology.…”