A review of postharvest disinfestation of cut flowers and foliage with special reference to tropicals

Hansen, James D.; Hara, A. H.

doi:10.1016/0925-5214(94)90030-2

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The minimum temperature threshold for growth of most of the chilling-sensitive fruit vegetables, such as pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), tomato (S. lycopersicum L.), and melon (C. melo, L.), is about 8-12 • C [14,15]. In most Mediterranean greenhouses used for the production of fruit and vegetables, heating during the cold season of the year is either not applied or applied sporadically, aiming merely to maintain the inside temperature to levels higher than the minimum threshold for growth [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Temperature and Grafting on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Water Use Efficiency of a Hydroponic Sweet Pepper Crop

et al. 2019

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In areas characterized by mild winter climate, pepper is frequently cultivated in unheated greenhouses in which the temperature during the winter may drop to suboptimal levels. Under low temperature (LT) conditions, the uptake of nutrients may be altered in a different manner than that of the water and thus their uptake ratio, known as uptake concentration, may be different than in greenhouses with standard temperature (ST) conditions. In the present study, pepper plants of the cultivars “Sammy” and “Orangery”, self-grafted or grafted onto two commercial rootstocks (“Robusto” and “Terrano”), were cultivated in a greenhouse under either ST or LT temperature conditions. The aim of the study was to test the impact of grafting and greenhouse temperature on total yield, water use efficiency, and nutrient uptake. The LT regime reduced the yield by about 50% in “Sammy” and 33% in “Orangery”, irrespective of the grafting combination. Grafting of “Sammy” onto both “Robusto” and “Terrano” increased the total fruit yield by 39% and 34% compared with the self-grafted control, while grafting of “Orangery” increased the yield only when the rootstock was “Terrano”. The yield increase resulted exclusively from enhancement of the fruit number per plant. Both the water consumption and the water use efficiency were negatively affected by the LT regime, however the temperature effect interacted with the rootstock/scion combination. The LT increased the uptake concentrations (UC) of K, Ca, Mg, N, and Mn, while it decreased strongly that of P and slightly the UC of Fe and Zn. The UC of K and Mg were influenced by the rootstock/scion combination, however this effect interacted with the temperature regime. In contrast, the Ca, N, and P concentrations were not influenced by the grafting combination. The results of the present study show that the impact of grafting on yield and nutrient uptake in pepper depend not merely on the rootstock genotype, however on the rootstock/scion combination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Temperature and Grafting on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Water Use Efficiency of a Hydroponic Sweet Pepper Crop

et al. 2019

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“…Disinfestation by gamma irradiation is rapid, effective and can be potentially used. Both floral materials and pest species vary in their sensitivity to radiation (Hansen & Hara, 1994). Therefore, dose selection of gamma radiation is crucial for disinfestation of S. litura .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation influence on the phenoloxidase pathway and an anti-oxidant defense mechanism inSpodoptera litura(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its implication in radio-genetic ‘F₁sterility’ and biorational pest suppression tactics

Sachdev

Khan

Zarin

et al. 2017

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The present study was conducted to appraise the ontogenic radio-sensitivity of a serious tropical pest, Spodoptera litura (Fabr.). The molecular responses pertaining to the phenoloxidase (PO) pathway and an anti-oxidant defense mechanism were evaluated in order to understand its implication in pest control at pre-harvest and post-harvest intervals. Irradiation exhibited an inverse relationship with age with respect to impact on developmental and transcriptional responses. Transcript abundance of PO cascade enzymes, prophenoloxidase (slppo-2), its activating enzyme (slppae-1) and free-radical scavenging enzymes, superoxide dismutase (slsod) and catalase (slcat) was evaluated upon gamma irradiation alone and the dual-stress of radiation plus microbial challenge. The slppo-2, slppae-1, slsod and slcat transcripts were significantly up-regulated in F 1 L6 larvae (6th-instar) resulting from 100 Gy sub-sterilized male adults and unirradiated female moths. The extent of upregulation was relatively higher in comparison with L6 survivors (6th-instar larvae) developed from irradiated neonates (L1) treated with 100 Gy. Upon Photorhabdus challenge, the transcripts were down-regulated in irradiated L1 suggesting increased larval susceptibility to bacterial infections. Radioresistance increased with the age of the insect, and molecular responses (transcript abundance) of insect defense mechanism were less influenced when older age (F 1 progeny) were irradiated. These findings will help to optimize the gamma dose to be employed in inherited sterility technique for (pre-harvest) pest suppression and (post-harvest) phytosanitation and quarantine, and suggest compatible integration of biorational tactics including nuclear technology.

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“…), green scale (Coccus viridis), and cardamon thrips (Sciothrips cardamomi) are frequently found on heliconia and ginger flowers in Hawaii (Hansen et al, 1991b;Hara et al, 1993). Disinfestation treatments for cut flowers that are approved by the United States Department of Agriculture-Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) are limited to hand removal, chemical dips, and methyl bromide fumigation (Hansen and Hara, 1994). Hand removal and chemical dips are time and labor intensive, while fumigation requires a secure and complex facility, and well-trained personnel.…”

Section: Postharvest Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postharvest Handling of Heliconia, Red Ginger, and Bird-of-Paradise

Jaroenkit¹,

Paull²

2003

horttech

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Heliconia (Heliconia spp.), red ginger (Alpinia purpurata), and bird-of-paradise (Strelitzia reginae) inflorescences have similar stem structures and postharvest handling regimes. Inflorescences, especially heliconia, should be harvested in the morning while still turgid, and at the most suitable stage of development which varies with the species, its proposed use, and market requirements. Treatments that extend postharvest vase life, either or both enhance water uptake or prevent water loss and provide an exogenous energy source. Use of the most suitable temperature for shipping and storage prolongs vase life. Heliconia should be shipped and stored at >10 °C (50.0 °F), red ginger >12 °C (53.6 °F), and bird-of-paradise at >8 °C (46.4 °F). Sucrose (10% w/v), citric acid [150 mg·L-1 (ppm)] and 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate (250 mg·L-1) are major chemicals used in pulsing and holding solution for bird-of-paradise. Holding solutions for red ginger are similar except 2% (w/v) sucrose is recommended. The response of heliconia inflorescences to different pulsing and holding solutions has been shown to be negligible. A 200-mg·L-1 benzyladenine spray extends the vase life of red ginger and heliconia. Hot water treatment of red ginger at 49 °C (120.2 °F) and 50 °C (122.0 °F) for 12 to 15 min extends postharvest vase life, kills most of the pests that infest red ginger, and reduces the geotropic response. The major postharvest problems are saprophytic mold on bird-of-paradise, negative geotropic response of red ginger, and insect infestation of all three flowers. There is no reported method to control the postharvest nectar and slime production on bird-of-paradise that provides a substrate for saprophytic mold growth. Dipping inflorescences in benomyl or thiobendazole (TBZ) at 200 mg·L-1 does help control postharvest mold growth in bird-of-paradise and heliconia. Compared to most temperate flowers, there is a need for greater understanding of morphological and physiological factors that limit the vase life of heliconia, red ginger and bird-of-paradise flowers.

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A review of postharvest disinfestation of cut flowers and foliage with special reference to tropicals

Cited by 15 publications

References 62 publications

Effects of Temperature and Grafting on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Water Use Efficiency of a Hydroponic Sweet Pepper Crop

Effects of Temperature and Grafting on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Water Use Efficiency of a Hydroponic Sweet Pepper Crop

Irradiation influence on the phenoloxidase pathway and an anti-oxidant defense mechanism inSpodoptera litura(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its implication in radio-genetic ‘F₁sterility’ and biorational pest suppression tactics

Postharvest Handling of Heliconia, Red Ginger, and Bird-of-Paradise

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A review of postharvest disinfestation of cut flowers and foliage with special reference to tropicals

Cited by 15 publications

References 62 publications

Effects of Temperature and Grafting on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Water Use Efficiency of a Hydroponic Sweet Pepper Crop

Effects of Temperature and Grafting on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Water Use Efficiency of a Hydroponic Sweet Pepper Crop

Irradiation influence on the phenoloxidase pathway and an anti-oxidant defense mechanism inSpodoptera litura(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its implication in radio-genetic ‘F1sterility’ and biorational pest suppression tactics

Postharvest Handling of Heliconia, Red Ginger, and Bird-of-Paradise

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Product

Resources

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Irradiation influence on the phenoloxidase pathway and an anti-oxidant defense mechanism inSpodoptera litura(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its implication in radio-genetic ‘F₁sterility’ and biorational pest suppression tactics