A review of possible therapies for multiple sclerosis

Li, Hui; Lian, Gaojian; Wang, Guang; Yin, Qianmei; Su, Zehong

doi:10.1007/s11010-021-04119-z

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with symptoms that affect multiple systems throughout the body, including visual impairment, movement disorders, fatigue, cognitive and emotional disturbances, pain, and more ( 69 ). In MS, immune cells cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB)into the central nervous system to attack self-antigens, resulting in BBB disruption and loss of oligodendrocytes and myelin, leading to axonal degeneration and permanent neurological deficits ( 69 , 70 ). Many studies have shown that lifestyle choices, including diet, can affect some of the symptoms of MS, and it seems that people with MS can relieve their symptoms by improving their eating habits ( 70 ).…”

Section: Effects Of Dietary Sugars On Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive intake of sugar: An accomplice of inflammation

et al. 2022

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High sugar intake has long been recognized as a potential environmental risk factor for increased incidence of many non-communicable diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Dietary sugars are mainly hexoses, including glucose, fructose, sucrose and High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS). These sugars are primarily absorbed in the gut as fructose and glucose. The consumption of high sugar beverages and processed foods has increased significantly over the past 30 years. Here, we summarize the effects of consuming high levels of dietary hexose on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and low-grade chronic inflammation. Based on these reported findings, we emphasize that dietary sugars and mixed processed foods may be a key factor leading to the occurrence and aggravation of inflammation. We concluded that by revealing the roles that excessive intake of hexose has on the regulation of human inflammatory diseases are fundamental questions that need to be solved urgently. Moreover, close attention should also be paid to the combination of high glucose-mediated immune imbalance and tumor development, and strive to make substantial contributions to reverse tumor immune escape.

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Section: Effects Of Dietary Sugars On Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive intake of sugar: An accomplice of inflammation

et al. 2022

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“…Symptomatic drugs for MS have no direct impact on disease progression or relapse activity. However, these drugs are used to alleviate particular symptoms, such as spasticity, pain or fatigue, and to enhance the patient’s quality of life [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The wide range of symptoms can lead to the use of several necessary symptomatic medications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Anxiety in Association with Polypharmacy in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Baldt,

Frahm,

Hecker

et al. 2023

JCM

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Polypharmacy (intake of ≥5 drugs) is an important issue for patients with chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to assess the prevalence of polypharmacy with regard to the severity of anxiety/depression and to comorbidities. Therefore, 374 MS patients from two German neurological sites were examined for drug burden, comorbidities, disability level and psychopathological measures capturing depression and anxiety using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A and HADS-D). We found that patients with a higher HADS-D score take more medication (r = 0.217, p < 0.001). Furthermore, patients with higher depression severity were more likely to show polypharmacy (p < 0.001). These differences were not significant for anxiety. (p = 0.413). Regarding the frequency of ≥1 comorbidities, there were no significant differences between patients with different HADS-A (p = 0.375) or HADS-D (p = 0.860) severity levels, whereas the concrete number of comorbidities showed a significant positive linear correlation with HADS-A (r = 0.10, p = 0.045) and HADS-D scores (r = 0.19, p < 0.001). In conclusion, symptoms of depression pose a relevant issue for MS patients and are correlated with polypharmacy and comorbidities. Anxiety is not correlated with polypharmacy but with the frequency of several comorbidity groups in MS patients.

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