A review of possible optical absorption features of oxygen molecules in the icy surfaces of outer solar system bodies

Cooper, Paul D.; Johnson, R. E.; Quickenden, T. I.

doi:10.1016/s0032-0633(02)00205-2

Cited by 43 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, we favor trapped O as a precursor, as initially suggested by Matich et al (1993) for production of excited O 2 . Such a species, if present, could be detected spectroscopically, as can trapped O 2 through bands activated by lattice perturbations (Cooper et al, 2003a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The positions of the two signature absorptions for dimer O 2 , at 577.2 nm and 627.5 nm, respectively (Landau et al, 1962;Cooper et al, 2003a), suggest that the O 2 is locally quite dense (Calvin et al, 1996(Calvin et al, , 2003. Therefore, these bands were suggested to be due to inclusions of O 2 trapped within Ganymede's icy surface (Calvin et al, 1996;Johnson and Jesser, 1997).…”

Section: Molecular Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It appears to be heterogeneously distributed in the form of microcrystals (Gurman et al, 1967). If H 2 O 2 does act as a precursor, the formation of aggregates could affect the dimer absorption bands (Cooper et al, 2003a) and affect the production and stability of O 2 (Cooper et al, 2003b).…”

Section: Precursor State and Peroxidementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Production of Oxidants in Europa's Surface

et al. 2003

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The oxidants produced by radiolysis and photolysis in the icy surface of Europa may be necessary to sustain carbon-based biochemistry in Europa's putative subsurface ocean. Because the subduction of oxidants to the ocean presents considerable thermodynamic challenges, we examine the formation of oxygen and related species in Europa's surface ice with the goal of characterizing the chemical state of the irradiated material. Relevant spectral observations of Europa and the laboratory data on the production of oxygen and related species are first summarized. Since the laboratory data are incomplete, we examine the rate equations for formation of oxygen and its chemical precursors by radiolysis and photolysis. Measurements and simple rate equations are suggested that can be used to characterize the production of oxidants in Europa's surface material and the chemical environment produced by radiolysis. Possible precursor molecules and the role of radical trapping are examined. The possibility of oxygen reactions on grain surfaces in Europa's regolith is discussed, and the earlier estimates of the supply of O(2) to the atmosphere are increased.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Production of Oxidants in Europa's Surface

et al. 2003

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“…In addition to the observation of gas-phase oxygen, solid-state O 2 was inferred by the signature of interacting pairs of O 2 molecules in the reflectance spectra of Ganymede (Calvin et al 1995), Europa and Callisto (Spencer and Calvin 2002). The two signature absorptions for dimer O 2 , at 577.2 nm and 627.5 nm, respectively (Vidal et al 1997;Cooper et al 2003b), suggested that the O 2 is locally dense though the band shapes and relative band depths are distorted from solid or liquid O 2 . The presence of O 2 in the solid state at these temperatures is surprising, given O 2 's volatility.…”

Section: Water Ice Radiolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiolysis and Photolysis of Icy Satellite Surfaces: Experiments and Theory

et al. 2010

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The transport and exchange of material between bodies in the outer solar system is often facilitated by their exposure to ionizing radiation. With this in mind we review the effects of energetic ions, electrons and UV photons on materials present in the outer solar system. We consider radiolysis, photolysis, and sputtering of low temperature solids. Radiolysis and photolysis are the chemistry that follows the bond breaking and ionization produced by incident radiation, producing, e.g., O 2 and H 2 from irradiated H 2 O ice. Sputtering is the ejection of molecules by incident radiation. Both processes are particularly effective on ices in the outer solar system. Materials reviewed include H 2 O ice, sulfur-containing compounds T. Cassidy et al. (such as SO 2 and S 8 ), carbon-containing compounds (such as CH 4 ), nitrogen-containing compounds (such as NH 3 and N 2 ), and mixtures of those compounds. We also review the effects of ionizing radiation on a mixture of N 2 and CH 4 gases, as appropriate to Titan's upper atmosphere, where radiolysis and photolysis produce complex organic compounds (tholins).

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“…Other experimental and theoretical investigations of Franck-Condon factors for diatomic molecules have also been reported [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. The radiative transition parameters such as the Einstein coefficients, radiative lifetimes, Franck-Condon factors, r-Centroids, electronic transition moments, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%