A review of polyphase karstification in extensional tectonic regimes: Jurassic and Cretaceous examples, Betic Cordillera, southern Spain

Molina, José Miguel; Ruiz-Ortiz, P. A.; Vera, Jesús

doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(99)00089-5

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Karst planation exists in the modern landscape and geologic history [28,29] , but problems of interpretation remain. Discussion in this paper is mainly confined to pure karst areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development features and original altitude of a karst planation surface: Preliminary review

Cui

Zhang

et al. 2001

Chin.Sci.Bull.

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Traditional theories of geographical cycle and pediplain cannot describe correctly the development of planation surfaces in karst regions. Authors, therefore, put forward conception of karst planation and karst planation surface, suggesting that karst planation is another type of planation process characterized by chemical erosion and transformation. To identify the distinction between evolution features of normal landforms and those of karst landforms developed in the South China, authors suggest karst planation surfaces under similar environmental conditions may reach a lower altitude and gradient ratio, in contrast with normal landform areas. This may be applied to researching on Tibetan Plateau uplift.Planation surface is employed widely as a kind of abstract stratum [1] for geomorphologic analysis and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Since the interest in uplift of the Tibetan Plateau increases internationally, the research on nature, range, age and rate of plateau uplift depended on the understanding of planation surfaces has become a hotspot [2][3][4] . Karst planation surfaces composed of covered karst and red weathering crust are widespread on plateau, and are one of the main research objects for plateau evolution [5][6][7][8] . Planation surfaces formed by different planation processes have different implications for research on plateau uplift [9] , therefore study on environment, development condition, nature and types of planation is necessary.Since theory of geographical cycle [10] was first proposed by Euro-American researchers and refined theories of planation surface from various conditions under which planation surface developed [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] . In brief, Davis' geographical cycle [10] and King's pediplain [12] depended on two planation processes: peneplanation and pediplanation respectively, and corresponding planation surface types are peneplain 1) and pediplain. Recently, however, the authors have discovered that these planation surface models do not fit the Tibetan Plateau and its eastern adjacent districts. Field investigation and previous research can be used to discuss the features of planation in karst areas, put forward new conception of planation suitable for karst region, and the main characteristics of planation surface, as a theoretical base for research on uplift of Tibetan Plateau.

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“…Karst planation exists in the modern landscape and geologic history [28,29] , but problems of interpretation remain. Discussion in this paper is mainly confined to pure karst areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development features and original altitude of a karst planation surface: Preliminary review

Cui

Zhang

et al. 2001

Chin.Sci.Bull.

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“…Ass. 1 is recorded around the preceding pre-rifting stage (sensu Vera, 1988Vera, , 1998Molina et al, 1999), which produced the incipient compartmentalization of the platform simultaneously with the remaining Western Tethys shelves (Vera et al, 2004). Ass.…”

Section: Brachiopod Faunal Exchange Through the La Mola Transitional mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachiopod faunal exchange through an epioceanic-epicontinental transitional area from the Early Jurassic South Iberian platform system

Baeza-Carratalá

Joral

Tent-Manclús

2016

Geobios

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“…c Paleogeographic reconstruction of the South Iberian Paleomargin for the Late Kimmeridgian (after Vera 2001) d Geological map of the Quípar Unit. e Regional geological sketch of the easternmost zone of the study area (Lúgar-Corque, Cantón, Crevillente and Reclot, units) pelagic swell area bounded by listric faults (Molina et al 1999;Vera 2001;Vera et al 2004).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some pelagic swells, in which the bioclastic bed disappears laterally (as in the Lúgar-Corque or Reclot units), may have had a tilted topography produced by listric faults activity (Fig. 13b, d) (Molina et al 1999). In the sheltered depressions, sediment accumulated forming the bioclastic beds.…”

Section: Hg1: Lower-middle Bathonian Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of pelagic swells from hardground analysis (Bathonian–Oxfordian, Eastern External Subbetic, southern Spain)

Nieto

Reolid

Molina

et al. 2011

Facies

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The Middle Bathonian to Middle Oxfordian interval in the Eastern External Subbetic (Betic Cordillera, SE Spain) is characterized by Ammonitico Rosso facies including various stratigraphic breaks. Five hardgroundbounded units are recognized in relation to hiatuses in the ammonite record at the following stratigraphic boundaries: Hg1 (Lower-Middle Bathonian), Hg2 (Middle-Upper Bathonian), Hg3 (Lower-Middle Callovian), Hg4 (MiddleUpper Callovian), and Hg5 (Callovian-Oxfordian). Interesting features of these hardgrounds include their microfacies, ferruginous crusts and macro-oncoids, taphonomy of macroinvertebrates, trace fossils, neptunian dykes, and the hiatuses associated with each of them. The main hardgrounds (Hg1, Hg2, and Hg5) contain trace fossils of the Cruziana and Trypanites ichnofacies as well as abundant fossil macroinvertebrates with taphonomic features evidencing corrasion, early diagenesis, and reworking, indicating substrate evolution from softground to hardground. Neptunian dykes aVected the trace fossils and ammonoid moulds, and their walls and the hardground surfaces were colonized by ferruginous microbial crusts. These features are characteristic of the External Subbetic pelagic swells, where the absence of sedimentation, sediment bypassing and erosion, and early diagenesis during relative sea-level falls produced hardgrounds. The neptunian dykes are indicative of tectonic activity in the areas of pelagic swells.Ferruginous crusts and macro-oncoids developed only on hardground surfaces and neptunian dykes walls prior to deposition of condensed bioclastic beds, which are interpreted as the Wrst deposits after hardground development and are related to the onset of transgression. The varying ranges of the gaps as well as lateral facies changes are related to diVerent local paleobathymetry controlled by the activity of listric faults.

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A review of polyphase karstification in extensional tectonic regimes: Jurassic and Cretaceous examples, Betic Cordillera, southern Spain

Cited by 38 publications

References 21 publications

Development features and original altitude of a karst planation surface: Preliminary review

Development features and original altitude of a karst planation surface: Preliminary review

Brachiopod faunal exchange through an epioceanic-epicontinental transitional area from the Early Jurassic South Iberian platform system

Evolution of pelagic swells from hardground analysis (Bathonian–Oxfordian, Eastern External Subbetic, southern Spain)

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