A Review of Phytoestrogens and Their Association With Pelvic Floor Conditions

Cardenas-Trowers, Olivia; Meyer, Isuzu; Markland, Alayne D.; Richter, Holly E.; Addis, Ilana B.

doi:10.1097/spv.0000000000000559

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Although many studies have shown the potential benefits of genistein in treating various postmenopausal symptoms, the adverse effects of genistein and soy-isoflavones must be studied further. In the past, epidemiologic and preclinical evidence has suggested that phytochemicals have several health benefits [124]. Recent studies have demonstrated that phytoestrogen might produce a positive impact on menopausal women, with the benefit of no increased risk of breast and uterine cancer or cardiovascular disease [12,14,22,30,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genistein as Potential Therapeutic Candidate for Menopausal Symptoms and Other Related Diseases

et al. 2019

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Plant-derived compounds have recently attracted greater interest in the field of new therapeutic agent development. These compounds have been widely screened for their pharmacological effects. Polyphenols, such as soy-derived isoflavones, also called phytoestrogens, have been extensively studied due to their ability to inhibit carcinogenesis. These compounds are chemically similar to 17β-estradiol, and mimic the binding of estrogens to its receptors, exerting estrogenic effects in target organs. Genistein is an isoflavone derived from soy-rich products and accounts for about 60% of total isoflavones found in soybeans. Genistein has been reported to exhibit several biological effects, such as anti-tumor activity (inhibition of cell proliferation, regulation of the cell cycle, induction of apoptosis), improvement of glucose metabolism, impairment of angiogenesis in both hormone-related and hormone-unrelated cancer cells, reduction of peri-menopausal and postmenopausal hot flashes, and modulation of antioxidant effects. Additionally, epidemiological and clinical studies have reported health benefits of genistein in many chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis, and aid in the amelioration of typical menopausal symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. Although the biological effects are promising, certain limitations, such as low bioavailability, biological estrogenic activity, and effects on target organs, have limited the clinical applications of genistein to some extent. Moreover, studies report that modification of its molecular structure may eliminate the biological estrogenic activity and its effects on target organs. In this review, we summarize the potential benefits of genistein on menopause symptoms and menopause-related diseases like cardiovascular, osteoporosis, obesity, diabetes, anxiety, depression, and breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genistein as Potential Therapeutic Candidate for Menopausal Symptoms and Other Related Diseases

et al. 2019

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“…Figure 8(B) presents the dynamic pressure profile along the posterior vaginal wall at the involuntary muscle relaxation. The relaxation speed is related to the muscle innervation state [20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tactile and Ultrasound Image Fusion for Functional Assessment of the Female Pelvic Floor

Egorov¹,

Raalte²,

Shobeiri³

2021

OJOG

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Introduction: The true etiology of pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence and variations observed among individuals are not entirely understood. Tactile (stress) and ultrasound (anatomy, strain) image fusion may furnish new insights into the female pelvic floor conditions. This study aimed to explore imaging performance and clinical value of vaginal tactile and ultrasound image fusion for characterization of the female pelvic floor. Methods: A novel probe with 96 tactile and 192 ultrasound transducers was designed. Women scheduled for a urogynecological visit were considered eligible for enrollment to observational study. Intravaginal tactile and ultrasound images were acquired for vaginal wall deformations at probe insertion, elevation, rotation, Valsalva maneuver, voluntary contractions, involuntary relaxation, and reflex pelvic muscle contractions. Biomechanical mapping has included tactile/ultrasound imaging and functional imaging. Results: Twenty women were successfully studied with the probe. Tactile and ultrasound images for tissues deformation as well as functional images were recorded. Tactile (stress) and ultrasound (strain) images allowed creation of stress-strain maps for the tissues of interest in absolute scale. Functional images allowed identification of active pelvic structures and their biomechanical characterization (anatomical measurements, contractive mobility and strength). Fusion of the modalities has allowed recognition and characterization of levator ani muscles (pubococcygeal, puborectal, iliococcygeal), perineum, urethral and anorectal complexes critical in prolapse and/or incontinence development. Conclusions: Vaginal tactile and ultrasound image fusion provides unique data for biomechanical characterization of the female pelvic floor. Bringing novel biomechanical characterization for critical soft tissues/structures may provide extended scientific knowledge and improve clinical practice.

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“…Although the literature on the role of phytoestrogens in the prevention and treatment of PFDs is limited, a review article on phytoestrogens and their associations with PFDs presented evidence from in vitro studies on type I collagen production and oxytocin expression suggesting that phytoestrogens may have a role in POP development, which is not supported by this current study’s finding. [16, 28, 29] Whether these in vitro studies translate to a decreased risk of the development of POP is unknown. [30] In another study, the phytoestrogen, puerarin, was associated with decreased POP symptoms in post-menopausal women with stage II-IV prolapse as well as increased expression of elastin and collagen I/III.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15] A recent review showed that, although the literature is limited, most studies on phytoestrogens and PFDs support potential associations with pathophysiologic mechanisms, symptoms, and treatment for UI and POP, but no data were available reflecting associations with FI. [16]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Urinary Phytoestrogens With Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Fecal Incontinence Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women

Cardenas-Trowers¹,

Meyer

Richter

et al. 2019

Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between urinary phytoestrogen levels with symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and fecal incontinence (FI) in post-menopausal women. METHODS: Cross-sectional study utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2005-2010 including post-menopausal women defined age ≥ 40 years who either had both ovaries removed and/or no period in the past year due to hysterectomy and/or menopause. Urinary concentrations of six phytoestrogens were measured. POP symptoms were defined as a positive response to the question, “Do you see or feel a bulge in the vaginal area?” FI defined as leakage of mucus, liquid, or solid stool occurring at least monthly. Using appropriate sample weights, prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Logistic regression was performed assessing associations between pelvic floor symptoms and log-transformed phytoestrogen levels adjusting for appropriate covariates. RESULTS: Participants included 1,341 post-menopausal women with phytoestrogen data; 1,213 with or without POP symptoms and 1,221 with or without FI symptoms. Multivariable analysis revealed no association of urinary phytoestrogen levels with POP symptoms. Higher urinary O-Desmethylangolensin (O-DMA) level was associated with decreased odds of FI symptoms in post-menopausal women, adjusted OR (aOR) 0.92, 95% CI 0.86-0.99. CONCLUSIONS: Increased urinary O-DMA level was associated with lower odds of FI. Future research may be warranted to further investigate the potential of specific phytoestrogens as mediators of FI, as well as the role of phytoestrogens on POP symptoms.

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A Review of Phytoestrogens and Their Association With Pelvic Floor Conditions

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Genistein as Potential Therapeutic Candidate for Menopausal Symptoms and Other Related Diseases

Genistein as Potential Therapeutic Candidate for Menopausal Symptoms and Other Related Diseases

Tactile and Ultrasound Image Fusion for Functional Assessment of the Female Pelvic Floor

Association of Urinary Phytoestrogens With Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Fecal Incontinence Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women

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