A Review of Phenotypes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Hampsey, Michael

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0061(19970930)13:12<1099::aid-yea177>3.0.co;2-7

Cited by 260 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 197 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, analysis of cell morphology, nuclear position, microtubule staining and DNA content in yjr043cD cells all suggest that mutant cells experience diculties in progressing through the G2/M phase, as do known mutants known to be aected in the dierent pathways of DNA metabolism (Hartwell et al 1973;Gerring et al 1990;Kouprina et al 1992) and the mitotic segregation machinery, including the tubulin-related mutants (Hartwell and Smith 1985;Jacobs et al 1998;Sethi et al 1991). A common feature of tubulin mutants in supersensitivity to the microtubule-depolymerizing drug benomyl (Hampsey 1997). The yjr043cD strain did not show such supersensitivity (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein YJR043C (Pol32) interacts with the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase α and is required for cell cycle progression in G2 / M

et al. 1999

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We have analysed the YJR043c gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, previously identified by systematic sequencing. The deletion mutant (yjr043cdelta) shows slow growth at low temperature (15 degrees C), while at 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C the growth rate of mutant cells is only moderately affected. At permissive and nonpermissive temperatures, mutant cells were larger and showed a high proportion of large-budded cells with a single duplicated nucleus at or beyond the bud neck and a short spindle. This phenotype was even more striking at low temperature, the mutant cells becoming dumbbell shaped. All these phenotypes suggest a role for YJR043C in cell cycle progression in G2/M phase. In two-hybrid assays, the YJR043c gene product specifically interacted with Pol1, the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase alpha. The pol1-1 /yjr043cdelta double mutant showed a more severe growth defect than the pol1-1 single mutant at permissive temperature. Centromeric plasmid loss rate elevated in yjr043cdelta. Analysis of the sequence upstream of the YJR043c ORF revealed the presence of an MluI motif (ACGCGT), a sequence associated with many genes involved in DNA replication in budding yeast. The cell cycle phenotype of the yjr043cdelta mutant, the evidence for genetic interaction with Pol1, the presence of an MluI motif upstream and the elevated rate of CEN plasmid loss in mutants all support a function for YJR043C in DNA replication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein YJR043C (Pol32) interacts with the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase α and is required for cell cycle progression in G2 / M

et al. 1999

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“…Therefore, a Italics residues conserved in human, D. melanogaster, C. elegans, and S. pombe orthologs the new spt16 mutant alleles described here, in a set of isogenic strains, were evaluated for effects on growth in spt16D cells under a variety of conditions (Hampsey 1997), including the presence of 6-azauracil, mycophenolic acid, caffeine, ethanol, formamide, and hydroxyurea, at elevated temperature and at elevated salt, glycerol, and sorbitol concentrations, at low pH, and for survival during inositol deprivation and nitrogen limitation. Under most of these conditions, cells harboring these spt16 substitution mutations grew as robustly as did the wild-type SPT16 control cells (data not shown).…”

Section: Spt16 Mutant Proteins Cause Additional Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sorbitol remediation of temperature sensitivity reflects the suppression, through osmotic stabilization, of cell lysis that would otherwise be brought about by impaired cell integrity (Hampsey 1997). Fig.…”

Section: Spt16 Mutant Proteins Cause Additional Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New mutant versions of yeast FACT subunit Spt16 affect cell integrity

et al. 2009

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Transcription by RNA polymerase II is impeded by the nucleosomal organization of DNA; these negative effects are modulated at several stages of nucleosomal DNA transcription by FACT, a heterodimeric transcription factor. At promoters, FACT facilitates the binding of TATA-binding factor, while during transcription elongation FACT mediates the necessary destabilization of nucleosomes and subsequent restoration of nucleosome structure in the wake of the transcription elongation complex. Altered FACT activity can impair the fidelity of transcription initiation and affect transcription patterns. Using reporter genes we have identified new mutant versions of the Spt16 subunit of yeast FACT with dominant negative effects on the fidelity of transcription initiation. Two of these spt16 mutant alleles also affect cell integrity. Cells relying on these spt16 mutant alleles display sorbitol-remediated temperature sensitivity, altered sensitivity to detergent, and abnormal morphologies, and are further inhibited by the ssd1-d mutation. The overexpression of components of protein kinase C (Pkc1) signaling diminishes this spt16 ssd1-d temperature sensitivity, whereas gene deletions eliminating components of Pkc1 signaling further impair these spt16 mutant cells. Thus, the FACT subunit Spt16 and Pkc1 signaling have an overlapping essential function, with an unexpected role for FACT in the maintenance of cell integrity.

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“…Most special media followed the compendium published by Hampsey (1997), with anaerobic growth achieved by addition of antimycin A (1 lg/ml). Additional media included EGTA and YPD-BCIP (Ross-MacDonald et al 1999), nikkomycin Z (Popolo et al 1997) or chlorpromazine (Kamada et al 1995).…”

Section: Media and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic analysis of Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex mutations reveals connections to cell cycle regulation, protein synthesis, and lipid and nucleic acid metabolism

et al. 2002

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Paf1 is an RNA polymerase II-associated protein in yeast, which defines a complex that is distinct from the Srb/Mediator holoenzyme. The Paf1 complex, which also contains Ctr9, Cdc73, Hpr1, Ccr4, Rtf1 and Leo1, is required for full expression of a subset of yeast genes, particularly those responsive to signals from the Pkc1/MAP kinase cascade. We have extensively characterized the pleiotropic phenotypes of deletion mutants for factors present in the Paf1 complex, identifying more than a dozen new phenotypes, and, in some cases, establishing possible molecular explanations for the growth defects. For example, paf1 Delta causes sensitivity to hydroxyurea; this phenotype correlates with a reduction in RNR1 transcript abundance and is suppressed by over-expression of RNR1. In contrast, the resistance of paf1 Delta cells to the transcription elongation inhibitors 6-azauracil and mycophenolic acid correlates with its ability to derepress the IMD2 transcript. We tested the hypothesis that Paf1 communicates with some promoters through the DNA-binding factors Swi4, Mbp1 or Rlm1. The phenotypes of mutations in Paf1 complex components are exacerbated in the swi4 Delta background, suggesting that the complex acts in a pathway parallel to that controlled by Swi4. Conversely, the fact that mbp1 Delta and rlm1 Delta mutations do not enhance the phenotypes suggests that the Paf1 complex may function in the same regulatory pathway(s) with Mbp1 and Rlm1.

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A Review of Phenotypes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cited by 260 publications

References 197 publications

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein YJR043C (Pol32) interacts with the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase α and is required for cell cycle progression in G2 / M

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein YJR043C (Pol32) interacts with the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase α and is required for cell cycle progression in G2 / M

New mutant versions of yeast FACT subunit Spt16 affect cell integrity

Phenotypic analysis of Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex mutations reveals connections to cell cycle regulation, protein synthesis, and lipid and nucleic acid metabolism

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