A review of penile metastasis

Abstract

Penile cancer as primary disease is relatively rare in developed countries. The penis is a rare site of metastases in spite of its rich vascularization. Approximately 500 cases have been reported in the literature; almost 70% of primary lesions are of pelvic origin (from genitourinary or recto-sigmoid primary tumors). We describe a case of penile metastasis from lung cancer. The rarity of the event prompted us to also explore related reviews and discuss the incidence, physiopathology, diagnosis and therapy of penile secondary cancer.

Evaluation of the response chemotherapy for penile metastasis of bladder cancer using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET/CT

“…The primary tumor foci were pelvic cancers in 70% of these cases. Metastasis from the bladder (28.6%), prostate (27.9%), and rectosigmoid (12.2%) tumors are the most commonly encountered metastases [6] . In a review of 372 patients by Cherian et al, prostate, bladder, rectosigmoid and rectum, and kidney were the most common sites for primary tumor that exhibited penile metastasis (34%, 30%, 13%, and 8%, respectively) [10] .…”

“…The disease is differentiated with primary tumors of the penis. The primary tumors of the penis mostly appear as superficial skin lesions, and secondary tumors mostly occur in deeper locations [6] . Some premalignant and malignant primary diseases (Bowen’s disease, erythroplasia of queyrat, verrucos carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, sarcoma), some infectious diseases (tuberculosis, chancroid, syphiloma), and some common benign disorders (Peyroni’s disease, nonmalignant priapism) should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of metastasis penile cancers [18] .…”

“…These sites include cardiac tissues, small bowel, and salivary glands [3–5] . The first penile metastasis was reported by Eberth et al in a patient with rectal adenocarcinoma in 1870 [6] . The first documented case of penile metastasis from primary bladder cancer was reported by Neumann in 1882 [7] .…”

Malign Priapism Secondary to Renal Cell Carcinoma Provoked Paraneoplastic Leukemoid Reaction: Report of The First Case

“…MRI scanning is a reliable alternative for diagnosis and assessing the extend of the penile metastasis. Occlusion of the draining veins or secondary trombosis in the cavernosal spaces directly caused by metastatic tumor cells or hyperviscosity syndromes are the usual causes (3).…”

“…Most of the metastatic lesions originate from the neighboring genitourinary and pelvic organs. However, kidney, hematologic system, lung, testes and the other sites also have been reported as the primary sites (3).…”