A Review of Pain Assessment in Pigs

Ison, Sarah H.; Clutton, R Eddie; Giminiani, Pierpaolo Di; Rutherford, Kenny

doi:10.3389/fvets.2016.00108

Cited by 94 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 195 publications

(417 reference statements)

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“…Behavioural indicators are not invasive as well as not intrusive as they do not disturb the animal during recording. Vocalizations, one of the most impactful words highlighted by the text mining, are the main pain indicators in pigs (da Silva Cordeiro et al 2013;Ison et al 2016). The association among tokens showed the term 'vocalization' being related to 'acute stress', meaning that very frequently the two concepts were reported together in the analysed texts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pain in Pig Production: Text Mining Analysis of the Scientific Literature

Contiero

Cozzi

Karpf

et al. 2019

J Agric Environ Ethics

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Public's concern about poor animal welfare provided by intensive farming systems has increased over the last decades. This study reviewed the interest of the scientific research on the pain issue in pig production to assess if the societal instances may be a driving force for the research activity. A literature search protocol was set up to identify the peer-reviewed papers published between 1970 and 2017 that covered the topic of 'pain in pigs' using Scopus ® , database of Elsevier©. One hundred and thirty papers were selected and they were mainly focused on the practice of castration (64%) followed by tail docking (24%). The scientific community first focused on these painful practices as a way to improve production efficiency and quality issues while more recently, due to the increased pressure by the public opinion, turned its interest towards the search of alternative solutions. A text mining analysis on the abstract of the selected papers clearly indicated the effort of the research to explore solutions to alleviate pain. Evocative words of this target were the selected terms 'pharmacological analgesic' and 'anaesthetic treatments'. The text mining highlighted vocalizations as the main pain indicators in pigs as this term was frequently associated to 'acute stress'. Ethical issues were a minor research topic in the scientific literature on pig breeding but in the short run, they are supposed to become a major subject to justify the acceptance of the modern production systems at the eyes of the consumers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pain in Pig Production: Text Mining Analysis of the Scientific Literature

Contiero

Cozzi

Karpf

et al. 2019

J Agric Environ Ethics

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“…The postoperative follow‐up and daily care was done by the early visit to verify animal welfare, assessing social behaviour, attitude, lack of alertness and the evaluation of the absence of pain, following the recommendations of Sarah et al, and related policies contained in the Mexican regulations set forth in NOM 062‐Zoo1999…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of postoperative abdominal adhesions using systemic enoxaparin and local diclofenac. An experimental study

et al. 2020

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Introduction Postoperative abdominal adhesions (PAA) are a cause of morbidities, generating higher health care costs for patients and institutions responsible for health procurement. PAAs occur due to an imbalance between the enzymatic linkage in favour of fibrinogenesis in the cascade of coagulation, which encompasses a pathological process initiated by injury to the peritoneum amid the additional activation of inflammatory processes under tissue hypoxia. The objective of this study was to test the potential benefits of the use of subcutaneous enoxaparin plus intraperitoneal diclofenac in a porcine model. Material and Methods Using 32 hybrid female pigs, surgical adhesions were induced by open conventional splenectomy. The animals were divided into four groups: (I) control, irrigation with saline solution; (II) subcutaneous enoxaparine was applied; (III) intraperitoneal diclofenac; and (IV) combination of both. Results By far, the greater degree of formation of abdominal adhesions occurs in the non‐treated control group I (P < .01). In contrast, in the macroscopic and histopathological report in terms of the degree of abdominal adhesion formation encountered in our assessments, the comparison among the treated groups showed no statistically significant differences among them, but asserted the preventive formation of PAA after the systemic application of enoxaparin and local diclofenac. Conclusions Subcutaneous enoxaparine and intraperitoneal diclofenac reduced the formation of PAA significantly, but we found no synergic action in their combination.

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“…In livestock production, acute pain is experienced due to management procedures, such as castration and tail docking, injuries from fighting or poor housing conditions, diseases such as mastitis or other infections and at birth (Williams and Page, 2014;Ison et al, 2016). These acute injuries can transition into the persistence of pain, which has a profound impact on the wellbeing and resilience of the animal that cause increased costs and reduced productivity (Williams and Page, 2014;Ison et al, 2016).…”

Section: Brain To Immune Communicationbehaviour Can Drive Immune Respmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, soon after birth, pain can interfere in mother-young bonding leading to malnutrition, infection or even death of the newborn (Mora-Medina et al, 2016). Persistence of pain throughout life is a chronic stressor for the animal, leading to reduced food intake and hence lower daily average weight gain, producing less volume and lower quality product (Williams and Page, 2014;Ison et al, 2016).…”

Section: Brain To Immune Communicationbehaviour Can Drive Immune Respmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: What innovations in pain measurement and control might be possible if we could quantify the neuroimmune synapse?

Hutchinson

Terry

2019

Animal

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It has taken more than 40 years for the fields of immunology and neuroscience to capture the potential impact of the mechanistic understanding of how an active immune signalling brain might function. These developments have grown an appreciation for the immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system and their key role in the health and disease of the brain and spinal cord. Moreover, the understanding of the bidirectional communication between the brain and the peripheral immune system has evolved to capture an understanding of how mood can alter immune function and vice versa. These concepts are rapidly evolving the field of psychiatry and medicine as a whole. However, the advances in human medicine have not been capitalised upon yet in animal husbandry practice. Of specific attention are the implications that these biological systems have for creating and maintaining heightened pain states. This review will outline the key concepts of brain–immune communication and the immediate opportunities targeting this biology can have for husbandry practices, with a specific focus on pain.

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A Review of Pain Assessment in Pigs

Cited by 94 publications

References 195 publications

Pain in Pig Production: Text Mining Analysis of the Scientific Literature

Pain in Pig Production: Text Mining Analysis of the Scientific Literature

Prevention of postoperative abdominal adhesions using systemic enoxaparin and local diclofenac. An experimental study

Review: What innovations in pain measurement and control might be possible if we could quantify the neuroimmune synapse?

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