A review of nursery production systems and their influence on urban tree survival

Allen, Kelly S.; Harper, Richard W.; Bayer, Amanda; Brazee, Nicholas J.

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2016.12.002

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Kabrick, Knapp, Dey, & Larsen, ), we found strong support for an overall hump‐shaped relationship (Figures a and ), strongly suggesting intermediate ‘optimal’ seedling heights for surviving extreme planting temperatures. The reduced survival and growth of larger seedlings may, in part, be due to stock being pot‐bound, as ‘root circling’ in pots reduces anchorage as well as nutrient and water uptake (Allen, Harper, Bayer, & Brazee, ; South, Harrisa, Barnett, Hainds, & Gjerstad, ). Given that all plants were supplied in 50 mm planting tubes, larger seedlings probably also had lower root:shoot ratios, and thus a reduced capacity to supply water to transpiring foliage under stressful, open pasture situations (Close, Beadle, & Brown, ; Grossnickle, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Look to seedling heights, rather than functional traits, to explain survival during extreme heat stress in the early stages of subtropical rainforest restoration

Gardiner

Shoo

Dwyer

2019

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Ecological restoration is urgently needed to arrest and reverse land degradation, reinstate ecosystem services and recover threatened species. Tree planting is a commonly used strategy to restore forests; however, planted seedlings often experience low survival and slow growth during the establishment period. Critical evaluation of factors that lead to poor establishment is vital to improve practice but is often constrained by a lack of monitoring and reporting. We took advantage of a large monitoring dataset (~7,000 native trees from 23 species) to interrogate an extensive suite of environmental conditions and plant characteristics that potentially contributed to poor survival and growth of seedlings in a restoration planting in southeast Queensland, Australia. The initial height of planted seedlings strongly influenced survival and growth. Intermediate heights generally performed best and the optimal heights for different species were significantly but weakly modulated by functional traits including SLA, lamina area and leaf structure (compound vs. simple). Survival was lowest when seedlings were planted in high bulk density soils on hot days, and growth was fastest in plots with higher average elevation. Synthesis and applications. In this large restoration experiment in Australia's subtropics, initial seedling height was a much stronger predictor of rainforest seedling survival than plant functional traits. We recommend planting rainforest seedlings between 25 and 35 cm tall, especially in restoration projects facing a high likelihood of hot weather during planting and establishment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Look to seedling heights, rather than functional traits, to explain survival during extreme heat stress in the early stages of subtropical rainforest restoration

Gardiner

Shoo

Dwyer

2019

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…This approach has contributed to an understanding of the types of root defects different propagation trays tend to produce, in addition to the influence of different planting methods. More recently, ornamental horticulture research has assessed root system quality coming out of different container designs and its influence on nursery stock quality (Allen et al 2017, Amoroso et al 2010, Appleton 1989, Gilman et al 2010, Gilman et al 2016. Research has focused on concerns around post-production longevity of container-grown trees with deformed root systems resultant from coarse roots being deflected by container walls (Gilman et al 2003, Gilman andPaz 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Propagation to Field: Influence of Tray Design on Tree Seedling Quality and Performance1

McGrath¹,

Henry²,

Munroe³

et al. 2021

Journal of Environmental Horticulture

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This study evaluated the effects of low, moderate and high substrate exposure air-pruning propagation trays on eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall ssp. deltoides) and black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) seedling root system quality and overall performance. Root system quality was characterized primarily by proportion of coarse root defects within the container imprint. Seedlings were evaluated after a nearly four-month commercial greenhouse production phase and one year after transplanting into a nursery field. Above and below-ground growth were measured at both time points. Proportions of coarse root defects, indicating degree of root deflection in container production, were persistent between greenhouse and field production phases. The Open (high substrate exposure) tray produced seedlings with roughly three times less deflected coarse root weight compared to the Closed Wall (low substrate exposure) tray for both species in both production phases. At neither production phase were there significant differences in above-ground growth among trays. This corroborates findings from other research studies that have found that variable root system quality does not always result in above-ground growth differences; and that when it does, differences in growth may take several years to manifest. Index words:, tree seedling quality, root defects, transplant performance, above-ground growth. Species used in this study: eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall ssp. deltoides), black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.).

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“…Such analyses have to consider already the nursery production systems. They have a significant influence to the survival of trees in the urban environment (Allen et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards sustainable performance of urban horticulture: ten challenging fields of action for modern integrated pest management in cities

Feldmann

Vogler

2020

J Plant Dis Prot

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We identified ten current key challenges for plant protection in cities each of them belonging to a specific field of action of IPM in urban horticulture according to Directive 2009/128/EC. The challenges are: appropriate plant selection, microbiome engineering, nutrient recycling, smart, digital solutions, diversification of vegetation, avoidance of pesticide side effects on beneficials, biorational efficacy assessment, effective pest diagnosis, efficient outbreak control and holistic approaches. They are discussed on the background of the defined urban horticultural core sectors (a) public green infrastructure, including professional plant care, (b) professional field and greenhouse production systems and (c) non-professional private homegardens and allotments.

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A review of nursery production systems and their influence on urban tree survival

Cited by 31 publications

References 43 publications

Look to seedling heights, rather than functional traits, to explain survival during extreme heat stress in the early stages of subtropical rainforest restoration

Look to seedling heights, rather than functional traits, to explain survival during extreme heat stress in the early stages of subtropical rainforest restoration

From Propagation to Field: Influence of Tray Design on Tree Seedling Quality and Performance1

Towards sustainable performance of urban horticulture: ten challenging fields of action for modern integrated pest management in cities

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