A Review of Nuclear Medicine Approaches in the Diagnosis and the Treatment of Gynecological Malignancies

Vahidfar, Nasim; Farzanefar, Saeed; Ahmadzadehfar, Hojjat; Molloy, Eóin N.; Eppard, Elisabeth

doi:10.3390/cancers14071779

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…PET can provide molecular information such as function and metabolism, and has important clinical value in early diagnosis, staging and restaging of tumors, finding primary tumor or metastases, guiding tumor treatment, evaluating treatment efficacy, and predicting recurrence ( 90 ). Compared with SPECT imaging, PET imaging has the advantages of high spatial resolution, good sensitivity, and quantification ( 91 ). The radionuclide fluorine-18 ( 18 F), gallium-68 ( 68 Ga), copper-64 ( 64 Cu), rhenium-186/188 ( 186/188 Re), and other labeled HER2 affibodies have been used in preclinical research on ovarian cancer, showing good prospects for clinical application ( 54 , 67 , 68 , 78 , 92 – 97 ).…”

Section: Overview Of Radionuclide-labeled Her2 Affibody Molecular Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Application of Radionuclide-Labeled HER2 Affibody for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a highly expressed tumor marker in epithelial ovarian cancer, and its overexpression is considered to be a potential factor of poor prognosis. Therefore, monitoring the expression of HER2 receptor in tumor tissue provides favorable conditions for accurate localization, diagnosis, targeted therapy, and prognosis evaluation of cancer foci. Affibody has the advantages of high affinity, small molecular weight, and stable biochemical properties. The molecular probes of radionuclide-labeled HER2 affibody have recently shown broad application prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer; the aim is to introduce radionuclides into the cancer foci, display systemic lesions, and kill tumor cells through the radioactivity of the radionuclides. This process seamlessly integrates the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Current research and development of new molecular probes of radionuclide-labeled HER2 affibody should focus on overcoming the deficiencies of non-specific uptake in the kidney, bone marrow, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, and on reducing the background of the image to improve image quality. By modifying the amino acid sequence; changing the hydrophilicity, surface charge, and lipid solubility of the affibody molecule; and using different radionuclides, chelating agents, and labeling conditions to optimize the labeling method of molecular probes, the specific uptake of molecular probes at tumor sites will be improved, while reducing radioactive retention in non-target organs and obtaining the best target/non-target value. These measures will enable the clinical use of radionuclide-labeled HER2 affibody molecular probes as soon as possible, providing a new clinical path for tumor-specific diagnosis, targeted therapy, and efficacy evaluation. The purpose of this review is to describe the application of radionuclide-labeled HER2 affibody in the imaging and treatment of ovarian cancer, including its potential clinical value and dilemmas.

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Section: Overview Of Radionuclide-labeled Her2 Affibody Molecular Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Application of Radionuclide-Labeled HER2 Affibody for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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“…According to the findings of [ 64 Cu]Cu-ATSM in seven patients, nodal metastases were detected and 22 cancer foci were identified in total calculated amounts for sensitivity and specificity of [ 64 Cu]Cu-ATSM based on evaluated SUVmax were 100 and 50% and the same estimation considering the volume were 100 and 33%, respectively [60]. In conventional theories accumulation mechanism of [ 64 Cu]Cu-ATSM was interpreted based on 64 Cu(II) oxidation state [43,61]. It was proposed that 64 Cu(II) be reduced to 64 Cu(I) by NADH/NADPH under the hypoxia circumstances.…”

Section: Imaging Tumor Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 92%

Recent Advances of Copper-64 Based Radiopharmaceuticals in Nuclear Medicine

Vahidfar,

Bakhshi Kashi,

Afshar

et al. 2024

Advances in Dosimetry and New Trends in Radiopharmaceuticals

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Copper radioisotopes including copper-60/61/62, and -64 exhibit a wide range of decay characteristics, making them appropriate choices for diagnostic/therapeutic (theranostic) applications in nuclear medicine. One notable feature of copper is the feasible coordination chemistry, which makes radiolabeling of a wide range of chemical structures including antibodies, proteins, peptides, and other biologically relevant small molecules possible. This chapter will summarize common radiopharmaceuticals of copper-64 and their radiation dosimetry in order to highlight recent improvements of positron emission tomography diagnostics.

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“…One of the useful approaches in OC posttreatment surveillance is Fluorine-18 uorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in comparison to conventional modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) [6][7][8][9]. Distant metastases, recurrent disease, and staging are detected, and the response to therapy is monitored using FDG PET/CT in OC [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The OCDA-Net: a 3D convolutional neural network-based system for classification and staging of ovarian cancer patients using [18F]FDG PET/CT examinations

Sadeghi,

Sina,

Alavi

et al. 2023

Ann Nucl Med

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To create the 3D convolutional neural network (CNN)-based system that can use whole-body FDG PET for recurrence/post-therapy surveillance in ovarian cancer (OC). MethodsThis study 1224 image sets from OC patients who underwent whole-body FDG PET/CT at Kowsar hospital between April 2019 and May 2022 were investigated. For recurrence/post-therapy surveillance, diagnostic classi cation as cancerous, and non-cancerous and staging as stage III, and stage IV were determined by pathological diagnosis and specialists' interpretation. New deep neural network algorithms, the OCDAc-Net, and the OCDAs-Net were developed for diagnostic classi cation and staging of OC patients using PET/CT images. Examinations were divided into independent training (75%), validation (10%), and testing (15%) subsets. ResultsThis study included 37 women (mean age, 56.3 years; age range, 36-83 years). Data augmentation techniques were applied to the images in two phases. There were 1224 image sets for diagnostic classi cation and staging. For the test set, 170 image sets were considered for diagnostic classi cation and staging. The OCDAc-Net areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) and overall accuracy for diagnostic classi cation were 0.990 and 0.92, respectively. The OCDAs-Net achieved areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of 0.995 and overall accuracy of 0.94 for staging. ConclusionsThe proposed 3D CNN-based models provide potential tools for recurrence/post-therapy surveillance in OC. The OCDAc-Net and the OCDAs-Net model provide a new prognostic analysis method that can utilize PET images without pathological ndings for diagnostic classi cation and staging.

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A Review of Nuclear Medicine Approaches in the Diagnosis and the Treatment of Gynecological Malignancies

Cited by 7 publications

References 129 publications

Advances in the Application of Radionuclide-Labeled HER2 Affibody for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer

Advances in the Application of Radionuclide-Labeled HER2 Affibody for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer

Recent Advances of Copper-64 Based Radiopharmaceuticals in Nuclear Medicine

The OCDA-Net: a 3D convolutional neural network-based system for classification and staging of ovarian cancer patients using [18F]FDG PET/CT examinations

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