A review of nanorefrigerants: Flow characteristics and applications

Nanofluids effects on the evaporation rate in a solar still equipped with a heat exchanger

“…Despite some limitations such as relatively high preparation cost and stability issues, extensive attempts have been made to develop the applications of nanofluids in energy systems such as solar energy based devices [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], cooling and thermal management of electronic equipment [14,15], grinding and drilling, absorption systems, medicine, heating and cooling of buildings, domestic refrigerators, and so on [16,17].…”

“…Nanotechnology has also been implemented to enhance the heat transfer potential of common liquids like water and oil to ameliorate the efficiency of thermal systems; this can be done through adding solid nanoparticles (particles with a size of 1-100 nm) to the liquids. The mixture of nanoparticles and conventional liquids is named "nanofluid" [6].Despite some limitations such as relatively high preparation cost and stability issues, extensive attempts have been made to develop the applications of nanofluids in energy systems such as solar energy based devices [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], cooling and thermal management of electronic equipment [14,15], grinding and drilling, absorption systems, medicine, heating and cooling of buildings, domestic refrigerators, and so on [16,17].In recent years, the problems of global warming and increase of the world population have highlighted the drinking water crisis. Although water covers more than 70% of the earth, most of this is not drinkable.…”

Effect of temperature jump on forced convective transport of nanofluids in the continuum flow and slip flow regimes

“…In recent years, the use of nanofluids has attracted extensive attentions of scientists, since the addition of nanoparticles could greatly augment the thermal conductivity of nanofluids as reported by Wang et al (1999) and Pantzali et al (2009). Excellent review related to fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids can be found here (Trisaksri and Wongwises, 2007;Mahian et al, 2013aMahian et al, , 2013bCelen et al, 2014;Bianco et al, 2015). In order to investigate the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids, the development of the corresponding mathematical model is highly needed.…”

Review of the Thermo-Physical Properties and Performance Characteristics of a Refrigeration System Using Refrigerant-Based Nanofluids

“…Sidik et al [13] presented a comprehensive review of nucleate pool boiling, flow boiling, condensation, and two-phase flow of refrigerant-based nanofluids. Celen et al [14] presented a review on the nanofluid flow characteristics and tried to clarify the effect of nanorefrigerant properties on heat transfer and pressure drop as compared to a base refrigerant. Although comprehensive reviews of the performance of the nanorefrigerants have been carried out in the past, to the authors' best knowledge, an intensive review for the period from 2005 to 2015 has not been carried out [15].…”