A review of mycoplasma diagnostics in cattle

Parker, A.M.; Sheehy, Paul A.; Hazelton, M.S.; Bosward, Katrina L.; House, John K.

doi:10.1111/jvim.15135

Cited by 92 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(217 reference statements)

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“…All samples were obtained frozen and kept at freezing temperature for a period of up to one month to be processed. Freezing causes a decrease in the number of viable microorganisms that cannot be recovered in microbiological cultivation (Parker et al 2018). The low isolation rate obtained in the present study may be associated with freezing or thawing of milk samples, viable microbial load reduction, and the possibility of false-negative results in microbiological culture.…”

Section: Microbiological Analysismentioning

confidence: 62%

Microbiological and molecular detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk samples from bovine clinical mastitis

et al. 2020

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The genus Mycoplasma includes more than 200 bacterial species that cause disease in animals. It is responsible for causing mastitis in bovines and may be related to other manifestations, such as arthritis and pneumonia in calves and heifers. The present study aimed to detect Mycoplasma bovis isolated from milk samples of bovine clinical mastitis, and to compare the isolation rates in two culture media: Hayflick and SP4. An initial screening was performed in order to detect the presence of the class Mollicutes in 1166 milk samples from clinical mastitis by the conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. According to the 1166 milk samples evaluated, 8.6% (100/1166) were positive to class Mollicutes. Regarding molecular analyses, 1.1% (13/1166) of conventional PCR for positive M. bovis was obtained and 0.9% (11/1166) in real-time PCR. The results of the microbiological culture of the 100 samples previously screened demonstrated that 6% (6/100) of colony growth have been developed when using the Hayflick medium, and 11% (11/100) when using the SP4 medium (including the positive on Hayflick medium). Concerning the 11 isolates obtained in the microbiological culture, conventional PCR confirmed M. bovis in nine of them, and two cultures were negative. In the phylogenetic analysis of the isolates, all of them were grouped in M. bovis and M. agalactiae clusters. The results confirmed the importance of the presence of M. bovis in the etiology of bovine clinical mastitis and reinforced the need for further studies to elucidate other Mycoplasma species that may be involved in bovine clinical mastitis in Brazil.

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Section: Microbiological Analysismentioning

confidence: 62%

Microbiological and molecular detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk samples from bovine clinical mastitis

et al. 2020

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“…For correct interpretation of this work, some points need to be clarified to the reader first. We used PCR, which is increasingly popular and accessible, but has important drawbacks for its interpretation at the herd level (Parker et al, 2018). For what are considered primary pathogens (viruses and M. bovis), detection at the herd level likely represents involvement in the outbreak.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen-specific risk factors in acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in calves

Pardon

Callens

Maris

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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Respiratory tract infections (bovine respiratory disease) are a major concern in calf rearing. The objective of this study was to identify pathogen-specific risk factors associated with epidemic respiratory disease in calves. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 128 outbreaks (29 dairy, 58 dairy-mixed, and 41 beef) in Belgium (2016Belgium ( -2018. A semiquantitative PCR for 7 respiratory pathogens was done on a pooled nonendoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage sample for each herd. Potential risk factors were collected by questionnaire and derived from the national cattle registration databank. Most outbreaks occurred between October and March, and single and multiple viral infections were detected in 58.6% (75/128) and 13.3% (17/128), respectively. Bovine coronavirus (BCV) was the most frequently isolated virus (38.4%), followed by bovine respiratory syncytial virus (bRSV; 29.4%) and parainfluenzavirus type 3 (PI-3; 8.1%). Mycoplasma bovis, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni were detected in 33.3, 41.2, 89.1, and 36.4% of the herds, respectively. Specific risk factors for BCV detection were detection of M. haemolytica [odds ratio (OR) = 2.8 (95% confidence interval = 1.1-7.5)], increasing herd size [OR = 1.3 (1.0-1.8) for each increase with 100 animals] and detection of BCV by antigen ELISA on feces in calves in the last year [OR = 3.6 (1.2-11.1)]. A seasonal effect was shown for bRSV only {more in winter compared with autumn [OR = 10.3 (2.8-37.5)]}. Other factors associated with bRSV were PI-3 detection [OR = 13.4 (2.1-86.0)], prevalence of calves with respiratory disease [OR = 1.02 (1.00-1.04) per 1% increase], and number of days with respiratory signs before sampling [OR = 0.99 (0.98-0.99) per day increase]. Next to its association with BCV, M. haemolytica was more frequently detected in herds with 5 to 10 animals per pen [OR = 8.0 (1.4-46.9)] compared with <5 animals, and in herds with sawdust as bedding [OR = 18.3 (1.8-191.6)]. Also, for H. somni, housing on sawdust was a risk factor [OR = 5.2 (1.2-23.0)]. Purchase of cattle [OR = 2.9 (1.0-8.0)] and housing of recently purchased animals in the same airspace [OR = 5.0 (1.5-16.5)] were risk factors for M. bovis.This study identified pathogen-specific risk factors that might be useful for the development of customized control and prevention and for the design of decision support tools to justify antimicrobial use by predicting the most likely pathogen before sampling results are available.

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“…The comparison of the detection methods for M. bovis showed that Real Time PCR was more specific and sensitive than immunohistochemistry (IHC). BPIV-3 and M. bovis persisted in chronic BRDC, unlike BRSV, suggesting permanent damage to the defense mechanisms in the lungs (Parker et al, 2018;Mehinagic et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(Taylor et al,2010). Mycoplasmas caused serious disease in cattle, with significant negative economic and welfare impacts (Parker et al, 2018). M. bovisis currently recognized as one of the most important and frequently isolated Mycoplasma species associated with cattle disease worldwide (Bednarek et al, 2012;Fox, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradigm of coinfection with viral and bacterial agents causing bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) in Central Serbia

Matović¹,

Kurčubić²,

Đoković³

et al. 2020

Acta agriculturae Serbica

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Viral and bacterial agents causing bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) were examined over a five-year period (2015-2019). Thirty-eight farms of beef and dairy cattle from Central Serbia which showed symptoms of BRDC were observed. A total of 118 nasal swab specimens collected from diseased bullocks (n=55), cows (n=18) and calves (n=45) were chosen for the isolation of bacteria and identification by aerobic cultivation. The most commonly isolated bacterial pathogen was Pasteurella multocida (72.88% positive samples). Disk-diffusion method (antibiogram) showed that Amoxiclav and Enrofloxacin were the most efficient antibiotics against Pasteurella multocida isolates (66.67% and 54.17%, respectively). From all examined samples, using the Real Time RT-PCR and PCR methods, we determined the genome sequences of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV-34.78% of tested samples (8/23), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV, in 34.37% (11/32) and Mycoplasma spp. in 33.33% (8/24). The genome of BoHV-1 virus was not detected in any of the 19 samples tested by Real Time PCR method.

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A review of mycoplasma diagnostics in cattle

Cited by 92 publications

References 102 publications

Microbiological and molecular detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk samples from bovine clinical mastitis

Microbiological and molecular detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk samples from bovine clinical mastitis

Pathogen-specific risk factors in acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in calves

Paradigm of coinfection with viral and bacterial agents causing bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) in Central Serbia

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