A Review of Multiple Scale Fibrous and Composite Systems for Heating Applications

Moreira, Inês P.; Sanivada, Usha Kiran; Bessa, João; Cunha, Fernando Eduardo Macedo; Fangueiro, Raúl

doi:10.3390/molecules26123686

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…Carbon-based materials such as CNTs [5,10], graphene-related materials such as graphene oxide [11], reduced graphene oxide [12,13], GNPs [14], and other nanomaterials such as silver and copper nanoparticles or conductive polymers have been introduced into textiles to improve their conductivity and endow them with heat-dissipating capabilities [15]. Moreover, the addition of carbon-based nanofillers in the polymer matrix will improve lubrication action [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joule-Heating Effect of Thin Films with Carbon-Based Nanomaterials

et al. 2022

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Smart textiles have become a promising area of research for heating applications. Coatings with nanomaterials allow the introduction of different functionalities, enabling doped textiles to be used in sensing and heating applications. These coatings were made on a piece of woven cotton fabric through screen printing, with a different number of layers. To prepare the paste, nanomaterials such as graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were added to a polyurethane-based polymeric resin, in various concentrations. The electrical conductivity of the obtained samples was measured and the heat-dissipating capabilities assessed. The results showed that coatings have induced electrical conductivity and heating capabilities. The highest electrical conductivity of (9.39 ± 1.28 × 10−1 S/m) and (9.02 ± 6.62 × 10−2 S/m) was observed for 12% (w/v) GNPs and 5% (w/v) (CNTs + GNPs), respectively. The sample with 5% (w/v) (CNTs + GNPs) and 12% (w/v) GNPs exhibited a Joule effect when a voltage of 12 V was applied for 5 min, and a maximum temperature of 42.7 °C and 40.4 °C were achieved, respectively. It can be concluded that higher concentrations of GNPs can be replaced by adding CNTs, still achieving nearly the same performance. These coated textiles can potentially find applications in the area of heating, sensing, and biomedical applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joule-Heating Effect of Thin Films with Carbon-Based Nanomaterials

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, GNPs' electrical conductivity is higher in comparison with the graphene oxide particles [16]. The value of the electrical conductivity for graphene oxide is 6 × 10 3 (S/m), whereas it is in the order of 10 6 for the graphite flakes [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of GNPs on the Piezoresistive, Electrical and Mechanical Properties of PHA and PLA Films

Mármol

Sanivada

Fangueiro

2021

Fibers

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Sustainability has become the primary focus for researchers lately. Biopolymers such as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and polylactic acid (PLA) are biocompatible and biodegradable. Introducing piezoresistive response in the films produced by PLA and PHA by adding nanoparticles can be interesting. Hence, a study was performed to evaluate the mechanical, electrical and piezoresistive response of films made from PHA and PLA. The films were produced by solvent casting, and they were reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) at different nanoparticle concentrations (from 0.15 to 15 wt.%). Moreover, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as reinforcing elements and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as plasticizers were added. After the assessment of the nanoparticle distribution, the films were subjected to tests such as tensile, electrical conductivity and piezoresistive response. The dispersion was found to be good in PLA films and there exist some agglomerations in PHA films. The results suggested that the incorporation of GNPs enhanced the mechanical properties until 0.75 wt.% and they reduced thereon. The addition of 1% CNCs and 20% PEG in 15 wt.% GNPs’ tensile values deteriorated further. The PHA films showed better electrical conductivity compared to the PLA films for the same GNPs wt.%. Gauge factor (GF) values of 6.30 and 4.31 were obtained for PHA and PLA, respectively.

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“…The materials used in busbars are commonly composed of silver, aluminum, and copper, and are laminated with another layer of insulating film, usually having similar characteristics to the substrate. Conductive polymers can occasionally be used together with carbon-based nanomaterials to improve the electrical conductivity of carbon-based films [ 18 ]. Thus, carbon-based heating films are made of stacks comprised of many individual functional films, which can give rise to efficient heat-dissipating capabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness by the Incorporation of Carbon Nanofibers–Carbon Microcoils Hybrid into Commercial Carbon Paste for Heating Films

et al. 2023

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Carbon microcoils (CMCs) were formed on stainless steel substrates using C2H2 + SF6 gas flows in a thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system. The manipulation of the SF6 gas flow rate and the SF6 gas flow injection time was carried out to obtain controllable CMC geometries. The change in CMC geometry, especially CMC diameter as a function of SF6 gas flow injection time, was remarkable. In addition, the incorporation of H2 gas into the C2H2 + SF6 gas flow system with cyclic SF6 gas flow caused the formation of the hybrid of carbon nanofibers–carbon microcoils (CNFs–CMCs). The hybrid of CNFs–CMCs was composed of numerous small-sized CNFs, which formed on the CMCs surfaces. The electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness (SE) of the heating film, made by the hybrids of CNFs–CMCs incorporated carbon paste film, was investigated across operating frequencies in the 1.5–40 GHz range. It was compared to heating films made from commercial carbon paste or the controllable CMCs incorporated carbon paste. Although the electrical conductivity of the native commercial carbon paste was lowered by both the incorporation of the CMCs and the hybrids of CNFs–CMCs, the total SE values of the manufactured heating film increased following the incorporation of these materials. Considering the thickness of the heating film, the presently measured values rank highly among the previously reported total SE values. This dramatic improvement in the total SE values was mainly ascribed to the intrinsic characteristics of CMC and/or the hybrid of CNFs–CMCs contributing to the absorption shielding route of electromagnetic waves.

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A Review of Multiple Scale Fibrous and Composite Systems for Heating Applications

Cited by 20 publications

References 171 publications

Joule-Heating Effect of Thin Films with Carbon-Based Nanomaterials

Joule-Heating Effect of Thin Films with Carbon-Based Nanomaterials

Effect of GNPs on the Piezoresistive, Electrical and Mechanical Properties of PHA and PLA Films

Enhancement of Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness by the Incorporation of Carbon Nanofibers–Carbon Microcoils Hybrid into Commercial Carbon Paste for Heating Films

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