A Review of Multimode Interference in Tapered Optical Fibers and Related Applications

Wang, Pengfei; Zhao, Haiyan; Wang, Xianfan; Farrell, Gerald; Brambilla, Gilberto

doi:10.3390/s18030858

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…5a-b in air and deionized water, respectively. Instead, a periodic modulation is observed, which is caused by Mach-Zehnder interference (MZI) between the fundamental mode of the suspended waveguide and uncoupled light that propagates across the micro uidic channel 34 . Kelemen et al 24 reported this same issue, but were able to avoid it by writing a bended suspended waveguide with the input and output transversely distanced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond Laser Micromachining of an Optofluidics-based Monolithic Whispering-Gallery Mode Resonator Coupled to a Suspended Waveguide

Maia

Amorim

Viveiros

et al. 2021

Preprint

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A monolithic lab-on-a-chip fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining capable of label-free biosensing is reported. The device is entirely made of fused silica, and consists of a microdisk resonator integrated inside a microfluidic channel. Whispering gallery modes are excited by the evanescent field of a circular suspended waveguide, also incorporated within the channel. Thermal annealing is performed to decrease the surface roughness of the microstructures to a nanometric scale, thereby reducing intrinsic losses and maximizing the Q-factor. Further, it is used to position, with submicrometric precision, the waveguide tangent to the resonator and within the critical coupling regime. With this fabrication method and geometry, the alignment between the waveguide and the resonator is robust and guaranteed at all instances. A maximum sensitivity of 121.5 nm/RIU was obtained at a refractive index of 1.363, whereas near the refractive index range of water-based solutions the sensitivity is 40 nm/RIU. A high Q-factor of 105 is kept throughout the entire measurement range.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond Laser Micromachining of an Optofluidics-based Monolithic Whispering-Gallery Mode Resonator Coupled to a Suspended Waveguide

Maia

Amorim

Viveiros

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Similar envelope models have been applied in laser plasma accelerators, in which laser pulses are guided along very long channels compared to the laser wavelength. [30][31][32] It differs from the beam propagation method 33,34 and the parabolic equation method, 35 both used to simplify the calculations in long waveguides, because it retains the second order derivatives and hence does not give an approximation but the exact solution of the field distribution, provided that the envelope oscillations are well resolved.…”

Section: Beam Envelope Methods For Calculating the Field Propagation Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical calculation of the light propagation in tapered optical fibers for optical neural interfaces

Mach-Batlle

Pisano

Vittorio

et al. 2021

Preprint

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As implantable optical systems recently enabled new approaches to study the brain with optical radiations, tapered optical fibers emerged as promising implantable waveguides to deliver and collect light from sub-cortical structures of the mouse brain. They rely on a specific feature of multimodal fiber optics: as the waveguide narrows, the number of guided modes decreases and the radiation can gradually couple with the environment. This happens along a taper segment whose length can be tailored to match with the depth of functional structures of the mouse brain, and can extend for a few millimeters. This anatomical requirement results in optical systems with an active area very long compared to the wavelength of the light they guide and their behaviour is typically estimated by ray tracing simulations, being finite-elements methods computationally too heavy. Here we present a computational technique that exploits the beam-envelope method and the cylindrical symmetry of the fibers to provide an efficient and exact calculation of the electric field along the fibers, which may enable the design of neural interfaces optimized to meet different goals.

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“…The use of such tapered fiber as filter can achieve transmission spectrum with high extinction ratio (ER) and good comb characteristics. Thus it has been widely used in dual-wavelength lasers [21,22]. Tong.et al proposed a tunable DW-EDFL using an in-line tapered fiber filter with the tuning range of dual-wavelength lasers of 10 nm and the SMSR of each laser over 43 dB [23].…”

Section: A Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance Tunable Dual-Wavelength Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Implemented by Using Tapered Triple-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber

et al. 2020

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Based on tapered Triple-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber (TCPCF), a high performance tunable Dual-Wavelength Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser (DW-EDFL) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The mode-coupling among three cores of TCPCF appears periodically and becomes further enhanced in tapered TCPCF, which are beneficial to form a filter to select lasing wavelength. A series of tapered TCPCFs with different taper lengths are fabricated and inserted into tunable DW-EDFL as filters. Multiple groups of tunable dual-wavelength lasing outputs are achieved by using the tapered TCPCF filter with a waist diameter of 126 μm. The maximum tunable range can reach up to 14.36 nm and the side mode suppression ratio of all lasing outputs are above 52 dB. In addition, the tunable single-and triplewavelength lasers are also obtained. The tunable single-wavelength laser has an excellent linear response to strain and can be applied to realize a high-sensitivity strain sensor with the highest strain sensitivity of-13.1 pm/με. INDEX TERMS Optical fiber communication, dual-wavelength tunable fiber laser, mode coupling analysis, tapered multicore fiber.

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A Review of Multimode Interference in Tapered Optical Fibers and Related Applications

Cited by 35 publications

References 139 publications

Femtosecond Laser Micromachining of an Optofluidics-based Monolithic Whispering-Gallery Mode Resonator Coupled to a Suspended Waveguide

Femtosecond Laser Micromachining of an Optofluidics-based Monolithic Whispering-Gallery Mode Resonator Coupled to a Suspended Waveguide

Numerical calculation of the light propagation in tapered optical fibers for optical neural interfaces

High Performance Tunable Dual-Wavelength Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Implemented by Using Tapered Triple-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber

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