A review of multimodal biometric systems: Fusion methods and their applications

Abstract

Biometrics is the science and technology of measuring and analyzing biological data of human body for increasing systems security by providing accurate and reliable patterns and algorithms for person verification and identification and its solutions are widely used in governments, military and industries. Single source of information in biometric systems are called unimodal systems and are perfect but they often suffer from some problems when they face with noisy data such as: intraclass variations, restricted degrees of freedom, spoof attacks and non-universality. Several of these problems can be solved by using multimodal biometric systems that combine two or more biometric modalities. Various methods, fusion levels and integration strategies can be applied to combine information in multimodal systems.

Conceptual Analysis of Iris Recognition Systems

“…It therefore presents an enormous level of randomness. The iris recognition's key advantage, in addition, of the iris recognition speed during matching and its extreme resistance to false matches is the constancy of the iris as, protected, an internal but externally visible eye organ [6,7].…”

“…The mechanism then codes each phazor response with two pieces, which leads to an IrisCode. 6. Classification and matching: By comparing the features of two iris images, the corresponding module generates a match score.…”

Towards Formal Multimodal Analysis of Emotions for Affective Computing

“…Here we are using this model to achieve better results [23]. This research effort is in the direction of real-time integration of multimodal analysis system to derive emotion during HRI.…”

Real Emotion Recognition by Detecting Symmetry Patterns with Dihedral Group

“…One type of the Group Theory, which regularly deploy in the symmetry applications is dihedral groups which are created from symmetries of regular polygons [13]. It has many applications in chemical, geometry and recently computer science [25], [26] [27] and [28]. In our last research the method for applying dihedral groups for real emotion analysis presented [42] and in this research, we'll study this symmetry group, to give some robust strategy for flipping and rotating operation with specific degree for finding symmetry in facial image.…”