A review of modular cross laminated timber construction: Implications for temporary housing in seismic areas

Bhandari, Sujit; Riggio, Mariapaola; Jahedi, Sina; Fischer, Erica C.; Muszyński, Lech; Luo, Zhixin

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105485

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The result indicated that for the regions that were evaluated, when compared with conventional construction, PSBC helped to reduce both cooling and heating energy uses and heating intensities in the severe cold and cold regions. When compared to conventional construction, the advantages of modular construction include greater certainty on building costs, times, and quality, less waste, and accelerated building schedules [42]. Prefabrication involves the production of parts in an offsite factory or workshop before onsite installation [43].…”

Section: Arguments On the Move Toward Industrialized Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While millions of people are displaced by disasters, billions of people globally are believed to lack adequate housing. The adoption of economically and environmentally sustainable practices for the construction industry is important [42]. Further study on how to adequately implement design for ease of manufacturing, ease of assembly, and ease of disassembly of building components for reuse and recycling is recommended.…”

Section: Design For Manufacture and Ease Of Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A framework for the evaluation of the decision between onsite and offsite construction using life cycle analysis (LCA) concepts and system dynamics modeling

Mofolasayo

2023

WJCEA

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The decision to choose between onsite and offsite construction is important in the effort toward sustainable construction. Offsite construction is often promoted as an environmentally friendly approach to construction operations. However, previous studies have shown that there is a lack of clarity on the environmental trade-offs between onsite and offsite construction. Factors that can affect the decision to build onsite or offsite include the availability of a local offsite manufacturing facility, the distance of the offsite factory to the final place of use, the proximity of the site to the local supply of material and labor, etc. This study provides a framework to apply the system dynamic modeling technique to evaluate how various factors can affect the environmental impact of the building construction phase (for onsite or offsite construction methods). The system dynamic model (using Vensim software) that was developed provides a platform that allows users to input variables such as the distance that is expected for transportation of labor, material, and equipment to both the onsite facility and the offsite construction location, factors associated with the use of equipment for construction, the distance needed for transportation of building panels or modules from the offsite facility to the final site, etc. Among other things, the model showed that an increase in the distance from the offsite yard to the final construction site increases the total impacts of transportation of completed modules. An increase in the number of trips for the transportation of material to the onsite construction location increases the total impact of onsite construction. In terms of the environmental impact of construction, none of the two methods of construction gives an absolute superiority over the other. The environmental performance of offsite and onsite depends on various associated factors. It is recommended that building practitioners review various factors that are peculiar to their projects to make an informed decision on the best construction methods.

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Section: Arguments On the Move Toward Industrialized Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design For Manufacture and Ease Of Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for the evaluation of the decision between onsite and offsite construction using life cycle analysis (LCA) concepts and system dynamics modeling

Mofolasayo

2023

WJCEA

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“…Because of the lightweight nature of the material [6], mass timber construction requires smaller cranes than other construction types, such as precast concrete, while maintaining the required structural performance. Connection hardware is one of the important parts of mass timber buildings, and they heavily influence the structural performance of such buildings [7]. Panel assemblies usually have screws instead of nails and use bolts and plates for some connection systems.…”

Section: Mass Timber Building For Circularitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Envisioning Mass Timber Buildings for Circularity: Life Cycle Assessment of a Mass Timber Building With Different End-of-Life (Eol) and Post-Eol Options

Ahn,

Bjarvin,

Riggio

et al. 2023

World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)

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The foundation of the circular economy in the construction sector is based on implementing the deconstruction and reuse of buildings, providing the potential for a closed loop of building materials within the supply chain. Mass timber buildings using large, prefabricated elements and certain types of reversible mechanical connections are deemed to have great potential for post end-of-life (EoL) options, including recycling and reuse. To fully characterize the benefits of reusing post-use mass timber in new construction projects, it is crucial to conceptualize a 'grave-to-gate' approach, including the complete analysis of post-EoL activities and impacts on the material's second life. In this study, a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) including different EoL and post-EoL options for a virtual reference mid-rise mass timber building in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United States was conducted. Among four different deconstruction and reuse scenarios examined in this study, a case of nearly complete reconstruction of a mass timber building for the second service life used as an idealized reference established an optimistic limit for reduction of global warming potential (GWP) by 13-41% compared to the 'demolish and landfill' decision, depending on the scenario. The demolition and landfill scenario had the lowest net impact since the GWMP calculations accounted for the carbon storage benefits in the landfill in addition to the carbon stored in the building.

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“…Within the realm of EWPs, cross-laminated timber (CLT) occupies a pivotal position [29]. CLT stands out as a prefabricated and multilayered EWP, crafted by bonding the surfaces of at least three layers of panels together in a 90-degree configuration using adhesive under pressure [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights from Finnish Experts on the Construction Practices and Future Prospects of Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT)

Ilgın,

Karjalainen

2023

Forests

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Given that CLT is a relatively recent innovation, there is a notable scarcity of market research in Finland. Presently, there is a limited body of literature that provides a thorough comprehension of the present state, varied applications, and anticipated future developments concerning the use of CLT within the Finnish construction sector. The limited availability of research data underscores the need for more extensive studies to fill this knowledge gap and provide a more nuanced insight into the evolving landscape of CLT adoption within the Finnish construction industry. This article aims to fill this gap through semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 15 Finnish experts. Key findings highlighted that (1) the hierarchical order of familiarity with CLT among construction professionals in Finland, ranging from highest to lowest, was identified as follows: architects, engineers, developers, builders, and contractors; (2) a pronounced necessity exists for heightened expertise and training within the realm of CLT; (3) CLT was considered a promising option in endeavors aimed at mitigating the impacts of climate crises; (4) CLT showcased adaptability to environments marked by highly fluctuating climatic conditions, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach, including proactive maintenance strategies; (5) Finland adopted commendable and forward-looking sustainable practices in forest management; (6) the adaptability of CLT across a wide range of building categories; (7) the perceived vulnerabilities in CLT construction primarily included a lack of cost-competitiveness, insufficient sound insulation, and inadequate production volume; and (8) key future market prospects encompassed the versatility of CLT, increasing demand propelled by environmental considerations, and collaborative advancements in hybrid construction techniques. This article will contribute to the greater usage of CLT in the building industry in Finland by revealing the challenges, potential, and future outlook of CLT use.

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A review of modular cross laminated timber construction: Implications for temporary housing in seismic areas

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

A framework for the evaluation of the decision between onsite and offsite construction using life cycle analysis (LCA) concepts and system dynamics modeling

A framework for the evaluation of the decision between onsite and offsite construction using life cycle analysis (LCA) concepts and system dynamics modeling

Envisioning Mass Timber Buildings for Circularity: Life Cycle Assessment of a Mass Timber Building With Different End-of-Life (Eol) and Post-Eol Options

Insights from Finnish Experts on the Construction Practices and Future Prospects of Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT)

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