A review of microplastic fibres: generation, transport, and vectors for metal(loid)s in terrestrial environments

Frost, H.; Bond, Tom; Sizmur, Tom; Felipe-Sotelo, M.

doi:10.1039/d1em00541c

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…The severity of the impact depends on several factors including fiber length, chemical composition, the mechanical strength of the fiber, yarn twist and diameter, fabric construction, and chemical finishes [39][40][41]. Additionally, care procedures followed by the users, and normal wear and tear, can also influence a garment's reactions to mechanical stresses [42,43]. Due to the agitation combined with water temperature and chemicals used in the laundering process [44], they weaken and ultimately loosen tiny fibrils, which can get released to the water effluent during the washing process.…”

Section: Sources Of Mf Emissions Into the Environment 21 Mf Release D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, textiles made from natural staple fibers such as cotton have been found to release more MFs than synthetic fibers such as polyester [22][23][24]. This can be attributed to the lower tensile strength and shorter/staple length that natural fibers like cotton exhibit [24,43,47]. Despite a relatively higher tendency for fiber-fragment shedding, natural fibers typically undergo biodegradation at higher rates compared to their synthetic counterparts, thereby aiding in reduced longevity and persistence in the environment.…”

Section: Sources Of Mf Emissions Into the Environment 21 Mf Release D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With subsequent washings, many studies found a decreasing trend of MFs released after the first wash, and a plateau was reached around the fifth wash [39,66]. Additionally, fiber identification and quantification methods vary significantly among studies [43]. Frost et al [43] found that only 5 out of 25 studies chemically identified fiber types before quantifying them.…”

Section: Sources Of Mf Emissions Into the Environment 21 Mf Release D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfiber Fragment Pollution: Sources, Toxicity, Strategies, and Technologies for Remediation

McCay,

Mehta

2024

Sustainability

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With the pervasive consumption (currently >65% of total market shares and steadily increasing) of petroleum-derived synthetic textiles, the escalating concern of microfiber fragment (MF) pollution has emerged as a formidable menace to our ecological equilibrium. Over the lifetime (pre- and post-consumption) of these textiles, they shed tiny fibers recognized as MFs. These MFs are carriers of persistent organic pollutants and have been linked to cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity, even at minimal exposures via air and water sources. Grounded in the state-of-the-art literature, this review discusses the primary and secondary sources of MF release, their fate, transport, environmental impacts, and novel technologies for MF pollutant remediation. Our results infer that MF pollution is a multifactorial issue with serious environmental and public health implications, as studies reported their presence in human blood, feces, and urine samples. We recommend a multifaceted approach to increase sanitation coverage, ensuring adequate wastewater treatment prior to environmental discharge for MF pollution mitigation. Additionally, transformation is warranted for consumers’ use, care, and purchase behavior of textile products. Government regulation of fast fashion (a major user of synthetic textiles), exemplified by recent French legislation, is essential to preventing microfiber pollution. We urge similar policy-making efforts globally to safeguard public health.

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Section: Sources Of Mf Emissions Into the Environment 21 Mf Release D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Mf Emissions Into the Environment 21 Mf Release D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Mf Emissions Into the Environment 21 Mf Release D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfiber Fragment Pollution: Sources, Toxicity, Strategies, and Technologies for Remediation

McCay,

Mehta

2024

Sustainability

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“…Microplastics (MPs) are emerging environmental pollutants whose lengths are smaller than 5 mm [1]. Their small sizes lead to large specific surface areas [2], so MPs can easily act as carriers of other contaminants such as heavy metals and radionuclides [3,4]. Microplastics have also been found to release toxic plasticizers due to natural ageing and human-induced degradation [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight into laboratory column experiments for microplastic transport in soil

Gao,

Sujathan,

El-Zein

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Plastic litter, most of which is landfilled or improperly disposed to aquatic and terrestrial environments, is a global environmental concern. Large-sized plastics can fragment into smaller pieces due to abrasion or weathering effects generating microplastics (MPs) which are tiny plastic debris smaller than 5 mm. In the aquatic environment, particularly oceans, MPs have been well documented in terms of their occurrence and toxicity. Soils have been shown to be an important sink of MPs, but the latter's fate and transport in the subsurface are not well understood. Laboratory studies have so far mostly employed rigid-wall columns to investigate MP transport through porous media, with a vast majority focusing on glass beads and predominantly sandy soils. Much less knowledge is available on MP transport in clay soils and minerals where transport mechanisms are much slower and the potential for chemical reactivity higher. There is hence a need for establishing experimental protocols for conducting such experiments. The paper presents preliminary results for an investigation assessing whether flexible wall permeameters (FWP) are suitable for the study of the transport of MPs in clayey soils. Key advantages of FWP are that they are widely available and commonly used and that they allow the control of effective stress in the sample. Two key questions addressed in this paper are whether the instruments themselves act as sink for MPs or as source of material that may interfere with the measurement of MPs in the effluent.

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“…Plastic pollution in marine ecosystems has reached levels that are raising worldwide concern (Costa & Barletta, 2015). Due to its mobility, plastic has been observed in all parts of water bodies (Geyer et al, 2017) from coastlines to remote environments, including the Arctic and the distant deep sea (Frost et al, 2022; Vighi et al, 2021). Environmental conditions can cause larger pieces of plastic to fragment into smaller pieces of <5 mm, commonly called secondary microplastics (Dris et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic Pollution in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Gills of Some Teleost and Sturgeon Fish from the Caspian Sea, Northern Iran

Rasta,

Khodadoust,

Rahimibashar

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The increasing microplastic (MP) pollution in the marine environment has raised global concern. The main risk of MPs in aquatic ecosystem is their bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms. While some studies reported MPs pollution in the digestive system of the Caspian Sea fish species, there is no research on sturgeon species, nor on fish gills. Here, we investigated the occurrence of MPs in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and gills of 62 specimens belonging to four species including three teleosts (Cyprinus carpio, Rutilus kutum and Chelon aurata) and one sturgeon (Acipenser persicus, a valuable endangered species) from the Caspian Sea between January and March 2022. Fish tissues were removed, exposed for 24 h to 10 % KOH and then dried on the filter papers. Particles were observed under stereomicroscope and analyzed by Raman micro‐spectrometry, SEM and EDS. A total of 91 MPs were detected in GIT (averaged 1.46 ± 1.17 items/individual) and 63 MPs in gills (averaged 1.01 ± 0.62 items/individual). There was not significant correlation between the number of MPs found in the both tissues and the fish body length, body weight, GIT weight and gill weight (P > 0.05), except between MPs isolated from gills and gill weight in C. carpio (rs = 0.707, P = 0.022). MPs abundance in the fish followed the order of A. persicus > C. aurata > R. kutum > C. carpio. MPs were found in the size range of 45−5000 µm and the particles with 300‒1000 µm in size were the most prevalent. MPs were common by fiber (74.68 %) in shape, red (30.53 %) in color and nylon (70.6 %) in polymer.

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A review of microplastic fibres: generation, transport, and vectors for metal(loid)s in terrestrial environments

Abstract: The laundering of synthetic fabrics has been identified as an important and diffuse source of microplastic (< 5 mm) fibre contamination to wastewater systems. Home laundering can release up to...

Cited by 17 publications

References 138 publications

Microfiber Fragment Pollution: Sources, Toxicity, Strategies, and Technologies for Remediation

Microfiber Fragment Pollution: Sources, Toxicity, Strategies, and Technologies for Remediation

An insight into laboratory column experiments for microplastic transport in soil

Microplastic Pollution in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Gills of Some Teleost and Sturgeon Fish from the Caspian Sea, Northern Iran

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