A review of methods for the demetallization of residual fuel oils

Ali, Mohammad Farhat; Abbas, Saeed A.

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2006.03.001

Cited by 242 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Deasphalting is based on physical processes which precipitate some or all of the asphaltene (AS) fraction from the feed, resulting in significant removal of metal 17) since the metal partitions preferentially within this highly polar, highly aromatic fraction. However, this precipitation process removes a large amount of convertible material along with the metal-containing species 18) , making the process nonselective. Coking, the most widely used technology, removes the metal almost completely in the coke byproduct 19) .…”

Section: Pretreatment Of Heavy Oils To Remove Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Nickel and Vanadium from Heavy Oils Using Supercritical Water

Mandal¹,

Goto

Sasaki

2014

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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Heavy oils require substantial cracking in order to be economically refined to produce usable products. One major problem affecting the economics of refining heavy oils is the metal compounds contained in many of these oils which poison the catalyst used to crack the oil. Demetallization methods include physical, chemical, electrochemical, catalytic and supercritical water (SCW) techniques. Few of these methods are viable and/or efficient for the demetallization of heavy oil. This paper discusses the SCW based demetallization process by reviewing the open literature. The potential benefits of SCW based demetallization of heavy oils are also explored. Water partial pressure (WPP) has a moderate effect on the reaction of metalloporphyrins (MPs) in SCW; but temperature has a remarkably high effect. Metal removal is sensitive to the conversion of MP and increases exponentially with higher conversion. The kinetics are consistent with first-order dependency on MP disappearance. The reaction mechanism can be explained in terms of the free radical mechanism, but additional experiments and analysis are required to understand the fate of the metal after reaction. This non-catalytic SCW based upgrading process has the potential to allow production of refined fuel from heavy oils.

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Section: Pretreatment Of Heavy Oils To Remove Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Nickel and Vanadium from Heavy Oils Using Supercritical Water

Mandal¹,

Goto

Sasaki

2014

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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“…In the past few years, numerous technologies for upgrading heavy oil had been developed, based on the carbon rejection and hydrogen addition route (see Table 1). Among the technologies for upgrading heavy oil, the technique of deasphalting is often used due to its effective removal of heteroatoms, along with the asphaltene, in the extraction processes [14]. Unfortunately, the extraction process usually consumes amounts of organic solvents and the mass loss of heavy oil reaches 30% [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the technologies for upgrading heavy oil, the technique of deasphalting is often used due to its effective removal of heteroatoms, along with the asphaltene, in the extraction processes [14]. Unfortunately, the extraction process usually consumes amounts of organic solvents and the mass loss of heavy oil reaches 30% [14,15]. Other techniques of carbon rejection, especially coking, are also preferred by refineries due to their lower investment [3,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Laboratory-Scale Research on Upgrading Heavy Oil in Supercritical Water

Yan

Xiao

2015

Energies

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Abstract:With the growing demand for energy and the depletion of conventional crude oil, heavy oil in huge reserve has attracted extensive attention. However, heavy oil cannot be directly refined by existing processes unless they are upgraded due to its complex composition and high concentration of heteroatoms (N, S, Ni, V, etc.). Of the variety of techniques for heavy oil upgrading, supercritical water (SCW) is gaining popularity because of its excellent ability to convert heavy oil into valued, clean light oil by the suppression of coke formation and the removal of heteroatoms. Based on the current status of this research around the world, heavy oil upgrading in SCW is summarized from three aspects: Transformation of hydrocarbons, suppression of coke, and removal of heteroatoms. In this work, the challenge and future development of the orientation of upgrading heavy oil in SCW are pointed out.

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“…Among the technologies of carbon rejection, the technique of deasphalting is often used because of its effective removal of heteroatoms in the extraction processes (Ali and Abbas, 2006). However, the extraction processes usually need to consume large amounts of organic solvent and the mass loss of heavy oil after the asphaltene precipitation reaches highly 30% (Brons and Yu, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%