A review of methods for detect human Papillomavirusinfection

Abstract

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus. Worldwide, the most common high-risk (HR)-HPV are -16/18, and approximately 70% of cervical cancers (CC) are due to infection by these genotypes. Persistent infection by HR-HPV is a necessary but not sufficient cause of this cancer, which develops over a long period through precursor lesions, which can be detected by cytological screening. Although this screening has decreased the incidence of CC, HPV-related cervical disease, including premalignant and malignant lesions, continues to be a major burden on health-care systems. Although not completely elucidated, the HPV-driven molecular mechanisms underlying the development of cervical lesions have provided a number of potential biomarkers for both diagnostic and prognostic use in the clinical management of women with HPV-related cervical disease, and these biomarkers can also be used to increase the positive predictive value of current screening methods. In addition, they can provide insights into the biology of HPV-induced cancer and thus lead to the development of nonsurgical therapies. Considering the importance of detecting HPV and related biomarkers, a variety of methods are being developed for these purposes. This review summarizes current knowledge of detection methods for HPV, and related biomarkers that can be used to discriminate lesions with a high risk of progression to CC.

Association between human papillomavirus and prostate cancer: A meta-analysis

“…85-4.35). With the development of science and technology, the detection method is becoming increasingly sensitive (81). Publication year is a crude evaluation, but this information was not available in previous studies.…”

The prevelance of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes detected by PCR in women with normal and abnormal cervico-vaginal cytology

“…Although genital HPV types have been subdivided into high-risk (HR-HPV) types (frequently associated with invasive CC) and low-risk (LR-HPV) types (found mainly in genital warts), there is still no consensus on categorization of many HPV subtypes with low prevalence according to CC risk. Current epidemiologic data identifies 15 HPV types as high-risk types (16,18,31,33,35,39,45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68, 73, and 82) and 12 types (6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 61, 70, 72, 81, and CP6108) as low-risk types [9]. Moreover, infection with two specific high-risk HPVs (HPV-16 and HPV-18) is reported to be linked with 90% of all uterine cervical cancers, and more than half of other anogenital tumors, and a small percentage of head and neck tumors [10].…”

Breast, Cervix and Colorectal Cancer Knowledge among Nurses in Turkey

“…Prevention and early diagnosis of cervical cancer reduces the incidence of invasive cancer and mortality (WHO, 2007). The Pap smear scanning method reduces deaths by cervical cancer by almost %80-90 (WHO, 2007;Perry, 2011;Abreu et al, 2012 (KETEM, 2012). In Turkey, to decrease of cancer as primary prevention and early detection of cancer and reduction mortality are among target (Karabulutlu, 2013).…”