A Review of Metallic Bipolar Plates for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Materials and Fabrication Methods

Karimi, Shahram; Fraser, Norman; Roberts, Bronwyn; Foulkes, F. R.

doi:10.1155/2012/828070

Cited by 227 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…In order to determine the weight of the other parts of stack, the density and thickness of the other parts (except the bipolar plate) were considered 2 g/cm 3 and 0.3 mm, respectively. Corrosion current density. All corrosion current densities were derived from literature brought in Table . All data were obtained from simulation of the cathode side of PEM fuel cell environment containing 0.5 M acid sulfuric +2 ppm HF. Flexural strength, electrical conductivity, and interfacial contact resistance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and material selection of nanocomposite bipolar plate in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Taherian

Nasr²

2013

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYIn this research, a novel woven nanocomposite was manufactured as bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The developed composite includes 40 wt.% phenolic resin as binder and 45 wt.% graphite, 10 wt.% nanosheet expanded graphite, and 5 wt.% carbon fiber as fillers, as well as a woven carbon fiber cloth in the middle. A single-cell assembly was manufactured by using the developed composite bipolar plate. Subsequently, the performance and power density curves were obtained from the developed cell. The results showed that the cell performs the maximum power density as high as 812 mW/cm 2 and current density 900 mA/cm 2 at 0.6 V that are better than the cells prepared by the metallic and some commercial bipolar plates. In this research, in order to achieve the best cell performance, some of the operation factors containing the cell body temperature, oxygen inlet temperature, and hydrogen inlet temperature, as well as back pressure were optimized, and the results were properly discussed. Last, in order to select a suitable material for bipolar plate, using simple additive weighting method approach, a material selection was performed upon several alternatives including composite, graphite, SS316L, SS304, Hastelloy, Al, and Ti, which are currently being used for bipolar plate. The result of material selection specified that Al/CrN is the most suitable candidate to be used for bipolar plates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and material selection of nanocomposite bipolar plate in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Taherian

Nasr²

2013

Int. J. Energy Res.

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“…SSs devices can be fabricated as thin as 0.1-1 mm, which offers tremendous improvement in the power to volume and power to weight ratios. Using SS BPPs, cost estimates published in a Fuel Cells for Transportation Report 1998, showed that a typical 70 kW PEMFC stack with a cost less than USD20 kW´1 could be achieved [177], below the DOE target for a fuel cell set at USD30 kW´1. Typically, SS consists of austenite SSs and ferrite SSs.…”

Section: Base Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on the Key Materials and Components for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Vehicle Applications

Wang

Peng

et al. 2016

Energies

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Fuel cells are the most clean and efficient power source for vehicles. In particular, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are the most promising candidate for automobile applications due to their rapid start-up and low-temperature operation. Through extensive global research efforts in the latest decade, the performance of PEMFCs, including energy efficiency, volumetric and mass power density, and low temperature startup ability, have achieved significant breakthroughs. In 2014, fuel cell powered vehicles were introduced into the market by several prominent vehicle companies. However, the low durability and high cost of PEMFC systems are still the main obstacles for large-scale industrialization of this technology. The key materials and components used in PEMFCs greatly affect their durability and cost. In this review, the technical progress of key materials and components for PEMFCs has been summarized and critically discussed, including topics such as the membrane, catalyst layer, gas diffusion layer, and bipolar plate. The development of high-durability processing technologies is also introduced. Finally, this review is concluded with personal perspectives on the future research directions of this area.

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“…Metallic plates represent one of these choices. They offer excellent conductivity and mechanical properties . The main disadvantage of metallic plates is however their low corrosion resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid conductive filler/polycarbonate composites with enhanced electrical and thermal conductivities for bipolar plate applications

et al. 2018

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Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) with high electrical and thermal conductivities are demanded for bipolar plates of fuel cells. In this work, CPCs of polycarbonate (PC) filled with carbon nanotube (CNT), carbon fiber (CF), graphite (G), and their double and triple hybrids were prepared using solution casting method followed by compression molding. The results showed that the electrical percolation thresholds for the PC‐CNT and PC‐CF were ~1 wt% and ~10 wt%, respectively, while no clear threshold was found for PC‐G composites. Addition of 3–5 wt% CNT improved the electrical conductivity of PC‐CF and PC‐G systems up to 6 orders of magnitude and enhanced the thermal conductivity as much as 65%. The results of triple hybrid CPCs (with constant loading of 63 wt%) indicated that the combination of highest electrical and thermal conductivities is achieved when the CF and CNT loadings were near their percolation thresholds. Therefore, a triple filler system of 3 wt% CNT, 10 wt% CF, and 50 wt% G resulted in a composite with the through‐plane and in‐plane electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity values of 12.8 S/cm, 8.3 S/cm, and 1.7 W/m•K, respectively. The results offer a combination of properties surpassing the existing values and suitable for high‐conductivity applications such as bipolar plates. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:3189–3198, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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A Review of Metallic Bipolar Plates for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Materials and Fabrication Methods

Cited by 227 publications

References 126 publications

Performance and material selection of nanocomposite bipolar plate in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Performance and material selection of nanocomposite bipolar plate in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Recent Progress on the Key Materials and Components for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Vehicle Applications

Hybrid conductive filler/polycarbonate composites with enhanced electrical and thermal conductivities for bipolar plate applications

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