A Review of Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Compounds for Environmental Applications

Abstract

Metal-organic framework-based compounds have recently gained great attention because of their unique porous structure, ordered porosity, and high specific surface area. Benefiting from these superior properties, metalorganic framework-based compounds have been proven to be one of the most potential candidates for environmental governance and remediation. In this review, the different types of metal-organic framework-based compounds are first summarized. Further, the various environmental applications of metal-organic framework-based compounds including organic pollutant removal, toxic and hazardous gas capture, heavy metal ion detection, gas separation, water harvesting, air purification, and carbon dioxide reduction reactions are discussed in detail. In the end, the opportunities and challenges for the future development of metal-organic framework-based compounds for environmental applications are highlighted.

Functional Role of Metal Center and Doping on Tuning the Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Activity of BioMIL-1: Experimental and Theoretical Approaches

“…where j is the steady-state current density at a given overpotential (determined from the chronoamperogram), A is the geometrical surface area of the working electrode, F is the Faraday constant, and m is the mole number of electroactive metal participating in the catalytic process. The value of m (that depends on the film thickness) was determined using (4) where Q is the Faradic charge under the baseline-corrected voltammetric peak preceding the electrocatalytic wave and n is the number of electrons transferred per metal center. By combining eqs 3 and 4, and given that j = i/A, the turnover frequency number (TOF) can be determined using TOF = i/4Q.…”

“…Compared to other porous materials, such as zeolites and porous carbons, MOFs are unique in terms of their exceedingly high porosities, tunable pores, and diverse functionalities. 4,5 MOFs with well-dispersed metal sites feature better electrocatalytic activity 6,7 than conventional metal oxides, 8,9 hydroxides, 9,10 metal sulfides, 11 and metal phosphides. 12,13 The versatility of MOF composition by simply changing the metal ion (i.e., size, acidity, softness) and functional ligand (i.e., polarity, length, hydrophobicity) makes tuning their properties for OER possible.…”

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), porous crystalline materials constructed from clusters of metal ions and organic bridging ligands, are particularly appealing for designing efficient OER electrocatalysts. Compared to other porous materials, such as zeolites and porous carbons, MOFs are unique in terms of their exceedingly high porosities, tunable pores, and diverse functionalities. , MOFs with well-dispersed metal sites feature better electrocatalytic activity , than conventional metal oxides, , hydroxides, , metal sulfides, and metal phosphides. , The versatility of MOF composition by simply changing the metal ion (i.e., size, acidity, softness) and functional ligand (i.e., polarity, length, hydrophobicity) makes tuning their properties for OER possible. Various MOFs based on the 1,4 dicarboxylic acid benzene (1,4- BDC) linker, resulting in M-1,4-BDC, have been synthesized by changing the metal ion, such as Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ , Co 2+ , La 3+ , Mn 2+ , Fe 3+ , and Ni 2+ .…”

DNA-Programmed Tuning of the Growth and Enzyme-Like Activity of a Bimetallic Nanozyme and Its Biosensing Applications

“…These decades have witnessed the rapid advancement and ever-deepening understanding of nanotechnology, which provides new exciting possibilities in the development of bioanalysis, − energy, − environment, − and catalysis. − Significantly, nanozymes, − which combine the merits of both nanomaterials and natural enzymes, have aroused tremendous attention as new representatives of artificial enzyme mimics. Metal nanostructures and their hybrids have emerged as a new generation of nanozyme because of their easy preparation, good stability, and low cost. − Among them, gold nanostructures have become popular with many fascinating properties, e.g., optoelectronic properties, facile surface modification, and good biocompatibility.…”

Structural Diversity and Carbon Dioxide Sorption Selectivity of Zinc(II) Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on Bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methane and Terephthalic Acid

“…as other important components [ 2 ]. Thus, to achieve economically feasible CO 2 capture, highly selective adsorbents are required, and currently a lot of effort is being put into the search for metal–organic frameworks with a highly selective adsorption ability toward CO 2 with high capacity for further storage [ 3 , 4 , 5 ] or transformation into valuable chemical products [ 6 , 7 ].…”