A Review of Metal Foam and Metal Matrix Composites for Heat Exchangers and Heat Sinks

Han, Xiaoxiang; Wang, Qin; Park, Young Gil; T’Joen, Christophe; Sommers, Andrew D.; Jacobi, Anthony M.

doi:10.1080/01457632.2012.659613

Cited by 218 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Normally only 5%-25% of the volume is occupied by the base metal, thereby encompassing a huge surface area within a confined volume with a much lighter mass. Open cell metallic contains many outstanding features such as higher surface area per unit volume, good structural strength, and excellent flow mixing capabilities, making them good candidates for compact heat exchangers and heat sinks [20]. The major concerns for adopting this technology into heat sink market include significant rise of pressure drop, lower fin efficiency, clogging of dust after long term operation, and much higher cost.…”

Section: Problems Of Heat Sink For Housing More Fin Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quick Overview of Compact Air-Cooled Heat Sinks Applicable for Electronic Cooling—Recent Progress

Wang

2017

Inventions

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Abstract:This study provides an overview regarding enhancement of an air-cooled heat sink applicable for electronic cooling subject to cross-flow forced convection. Some novel designs and associated problems in air-cooled heat sinks are discussed, including the drawback of adding surfaces, utilization of porous surfaces such as metal foam or carbon foam, problems and suitable applicable range of highly interrupted surfaces (louver or slit) and longitudinal vortex generator. Though the metal foam may accommodate significant surface area, it is comparatively ineffective for air-cooling application due to its much lower fin efficiency, and this shortcoming can be improved by integrating with solid fin. For highly dense fin spacing (e.g., <1.0 mm), cannelure or grooved surface may be a better choice, and fin structure with periodic contraction and expansion may not be suitable for it introduces additional pressure drop penalty. The partial bypass concept, which manipulates a larger temperature difference at the trailing part of heat sink, can be implemented to significantly reduce the pressure drop. Through some certain niche operation, t the thermal resistance of the partial bypass heat sink may be superior to the conventional heat sink. The trapezoid fin surface featuring easier manufacturing and a smaller weight is shown to have competitive performance against traditional rectangular fin geometry. The IPFM (Interleaved Parallelogram Fin Module) design which combines two different geometrical fins with the odd number fins being rectangular shape, and parallelogram shape in even fin numbers, shows 8%-12% less surface than conventional design but still offers a lower thermal resistance than the conventional rectangular heat sink in lower flowrate operation. The cross-cut design shows appreciable improvements as compared to the conventional plate fin design especially in high velocity regime and the single cross-cut heat sinks are superior to multiple cross-cut heat sinks.

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Section: Problems Of Heat Sink For Housing More Fin Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quick Overview of Compact Air-Cooled Heat Sinks Applicable for Electronic Cooling—Recent Progress

Wang

2017

Inventions

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“…At last time, the technology of metal foam production was developed so that matrices with high porosity and different topography of pores appeared [7] [8]. The calculation of the temperature distribution in the matrix body for such matrices can be not corrected at using one-temperature model.…”

Section: Surface Combustion Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Efficiency of Surface Burning on a Foam Metal Matrix with Ceramic Coating

Шмелев¹

2017

EPE

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The modified empirical two-temperature model of surface burning on a foam metal matrix was proposed. The comparative experimental studies of radiation properties of both matrices without and with ceramic coating (alumina) were carried out. Measurement was conducted in different spectral ranges. The experimental results were compared with theoretical calculations. It was shown that the integral radiation efficiency of the matrix with ceramic coating was comparable with radiation efficiency of the matrix without any coating in the wide range of the firing rate and surpassed it on 30% -40% at firing rate above 50 W/cm 2 .

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“…The examples of the applications of foams in the process apparatus are given in the literature [e.g. 13,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected problems of gas-liquid flow through the channels filled with metal foams

Dyga

Płaczek

2017

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. Open-cell metal foams are relatively unknown type of cellular material, which is increasingly being used as structural packing in the industrial equipment. The paper presents an analysis of experimental results on heat transfer and hydrodynamics of gas-liquid two-phase flow through the channels filled with metal foams. The research included the registration of temperature and pressure changes on fluid flow path. Furthermore the phase void fraction was measured and flow patterns in present in the channel were observed. It was found that in two-phase flow, both from heat transfer and hydrodynamics of flow point of view, the liquid plays the dominant role. It was also found a significant influence of flow patterns on frictional pressure loss value and phase void fraction. Whereas the flow patterns and geometry of the foam in much lesser extent influence on the intensity of heat transfer. Type of gas-liquid flow patterns primarily depends on flow conditions, including the velocity and properties of fluids. On the other hand, it wasn't stated any significant effect of geometrical parameters of foam on the type of flow and the value of phase void fraction. Among many flow patterns observed during the study, there have been identified four basic structures: plug, semi-slug, slug, and stratified.

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A Review of Metal Foam and Metal Matrix Composites for Heat Exchangers and Heat Sinks

Cited by 218 publications

References 85 publications

A Quick Overview of Compact Air-Cooled Heat Sinks Applicable for Electronic Cooling—Recent Progress

A Quick Overview of Compact Air-Cooled Heat Sinks Applicable for Electronic Cooling—Recent Progress

Radiation Efficiency of Surface Burning on a Foam Metal Matrix with Ceramic Coating

Selected problems of gas-liquid flow through the channels filled with metal foams

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