A Review of Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithms for Wind Energy Conversion Systems

Abstract

Renewable energy resources are gaining a lot of popularity. Several researchers have worked on the tracking and extraction of energy from these sources. In the past few decades, among the available green energy resources, wind energy has been the most attractive option among the resources available. It is imperative to use the maximum power available in the wind to achieve the wind turbine (WT) operation at maximum power. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are a pioneer in this context. Many research papers are contributed in this domain which necessitates a thorough review while choosing an appropriate technique. This paper comprehensively focuses on reviewing different algorithms in the past and present for tracking maximum power point, and capturing maximized output power from the wind energy conversion system (WECS). In this paper, the algorithms are classified based on the direct and indirect power measurement, hybrid and smart algorithms for tracking maximum power point, and they are compared, considering the parameters like complexity, convergence speed, use of sensors, memory requirement, need for knowledge of system parameters, etc. The immense popularity of the different versions of perturb and observe (P&O) based algorithms due to their various features is evident from the literature. The review reveals that the hybrid maximum power point tracking algorithms can use the advantages of the conventional methods and eliminate their drawbacks.

Bağımsız Bir Hibrit Güç Sisteminin Tasarımı ve Akıllı MPPT Algoritmaları ile Optimizasyon Kontrolü

“…The as the rotor speed is set to be proportional to the power change; that ∆P, ∆Ω ≈ 0. The flow chart of the proposed algorithm is as shown in Figure 16 [28]. The algorithm calculates the reference speed by measuring the power output of the wind energy conversion system for the adjustment of the system operating point.…”

“…The ratio ∆P / ∆Ω = 0 if ∆P = 0, as the rotor speed is set to be proportional to the power change; that ∆P, ∆Ω ≈ 0. [28].…”

Development of a Novel Efficient Maximum Power Extraction Technique for Grid-Tied VSWT System

“…Thereafter, the MSR controller forces the WT to rotate according to the speed given by the MPPT algorithm. In the I-MPPT such as (TSR-MPPT) algorithm, the angular rotational speed ω m.opt of the WT of any given wind speed can be obtained by Equation ( 11), [14], [19].…”

“…The MPPT algorithm is an essential part of this control scheme, as it is responsible for tracking the optimal rotational speed that results in optimally extracted wind power according to the prevailing wind speed [14]. Therefore, many MPPT algorithms have been developed and implemented in the recent literature, and they are typically classed as indirect MPPT algorithms (I-MPPT) and direct MPPT algorithms (D-MPPT) [15].…”

Analysis of an Energy Management System of a Small Plant Connected to the Rural Power System

“…The control algorithm of the grid inverter is based on the Phase-Locked-Loop (PLL) method for the supply voltage vectors, grid, and microgrid synchronization, as reported in [25]. A review of different MPPT algorithms according to the state-of-the art is reported in [26]. All applied algorithms were simulated and tested using physical models in the Laboratory of Control Systems in Renewable Energy Sources of the Gdansk University of Technology, as presented in [24].…”