A review of lithium-ion battery safety concerns: The issues, strategies, and testing standards

Chen, Yuqing; Kang, Yuqiong; Zhao, Yun; Wang, Li; Liu, Jilei; Li, Yanxi; Liang, Zheng; He, Xiangming; Li, Xing; Tavajohi, Naser; Li, Baohua

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2020.10.017

Cited by 1,007 publications

(477 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…In this context, research centers from all over the world are trying to push forward this field and realize greener and more efficient battery systems. While most of the industries are focusing on optimizing the electrochemical performance and the safety of the LIB [ 1 , 2 ], in recent years, several research groups fostered the idea of extending batteries’ functionalities to incorporate more than one primary function [ 3 ]. Among the various ideas that emerged to obtain multifunctional batteries, one of the most promising was the possibility to endow batteries with mechanical capabilities designated by structural batteries [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An All-Solid-State Coaxial Structural Battery Using Sodium-Based Electrolyte

2021

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The transition to a sustainable society is paramount and requires the electrification of vehicles, the grid, industry, data banks, wearables, and IoT. Here, we show an all-solid-state structural battery where a Na+-based ferroelectric glass electrolyte is combined with metallic electrodes/current collectors (no traditional cathode present at fabrication) and thin-ply carbon-fiber laminates to obtain a coaxial multifunctional beam. This new concept aims to optimize the volume of any hollow beam-like structure by integrating an electrochemical system capable of both harvesting thermal and storing electrical energy while improving its mechanical performance. The coaxial cell is a coaxial cable where the dielectric is ferroelectric. The electrochemical results demonstrated the capability of performing three-minute charges to one-day discharges (70 cycles) and long-lasting discharges (>40 days at 1 mA) showing an energy density of 56.2 Wh.L−1 and specific energy of 38.0 Wh.kg−1, including the whole volume and weight of the structural cell. This is the highest specific energy among safe structural cells, while no Na+-based structural cells were found in the literature. The mechanical tests, instead, highlighted the coaxial cell capabilities to withstand severe inelastic deformation without compromising its functionalities, while increasing the flexural strength of the hosting structure. Moreover, the absence of alkali metals and liquid electrolytes together with its enhanced thermal properties makes this coaxial structural battery a valid and safe alternative as an energy reservoir for all the applications where traditional lithium-ion batteries are not suitable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An All-Solid-State Coaxial Structural Battery Using Sodium-Based Electrolyte

2021

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“…Furthermore, the lithium metal anode typically exhibits inferior interfacial stability with the electrolyte, resulting in poor Coulombic efficiency, and rapid lithium metal consumption. [ 6 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and Nanomechanical Properties of TiO₂ Ceramic Filler Li‐Ion Composite Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Li Metal Batteries

Pan

Yang

Guo

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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Ionically conductive polymers are a promising family of electrolytes for electrochemical devices, including batteries, and flexible electronics. The polymer electrolytes with an excellent mechanical property probably can inhibit the dendrites growth during charging/discharging. Herein, the mechanical properties of an N−methyl−N−propyl piperidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide/poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) gel polymer electrolyte is improved through compositing with %TiO2 nanoparticles. The gel polymer electrolyte shows increased loss modulus after compositing with 5 wt% TiO2, indicating that the inorganic nanoparticles can increase the viscous response of polymer electrolytes. The Li‐ion conductivity shows a noticeable dependence on %TiO2 and the highest ionic conductivity is obtained at 5 wt% TiO2. The presence of TiO2 in the gel polymer electrolyte also allows for smaller interfacial resistance and a more stable Li−electrolyte interface upon long‐term storage and battery cycling. As a result, when assembled with the LiFePO4 and LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 cathodes, the composite gel polymer electrolyte improves the full‐cell performance, such as higher Coulombic efficiency, improved cycling stability, and more stable electrode–electrolyte interface.

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“…Especially due to their use in portable electronics, such as computers or smartphones [14,15], or in electric or hybrid vehicles, safety monitoring is even more important and therefore, there is a need of suitable sensors that fit the requirements for the possible application [16]. Further, with the increase in LIB's performance in terms of energy density and power density, the safety guarantee has not yet been fully addressed [17], thus the main causes of fires and battery explosions being the heat leakage and the presence of inflammable components [15,17,18]. One of the solutions proposed by Chen et al [17] to secure the batteries against thermal and mechanical harm is the improvement of the outer casing [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, with the increase in LIB's performance in terms of energy density and power density, the safety guarantee has not yet been fully addressed [17], thus the main causes of fires and battery explosions being the heat leakage and the presence of inflammable components [15,17,18]. One of the solutions proposed by Chen et al [17] to secure the batteries against thermal and mechanical harm is the improvement of the outer casing [17]. Another solution is to mount the batteries in the parts of auto vehicles that are least affected during an accident [17] and to prevent the thermal runaway before sensors are indispensable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing as a Means of Gas Sensor Development for Battery Health Monitoring

et al. 2021

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) still need continuous safety monitoring based on their intrinsic properties, as well as due to the increase in their sizes and device requirements. The main causes of fires and explosions in LIBs are heat leakage and the presence of highly inflammable components. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the safety of the batteries by preventing the generation of these gases and/or their early detection with sensors. The improvement of such safety sensors requires new approaches in their manufacturing. There is a growing role for research of nanostructured sensor’s durability in the field of ionizing radiation that also can induce structural changes in the LIB’s component materials, thus contributing to the elucidation of fundamental physicochemical processes; catalytic reactions or inhibitions of the chemical reactions on which the work of the sensors is based. A current method widely used in various fields, Direct Ink Writing (DIW), has been used to manufacture heterostructures of Al2O3/CuO and CuO:Fe2O3, followed by an additional ALD and thermal annealing step. The detection properties of these 3D-DIW printed heterostructures showed responses to 1,3-dioxolan (DOL), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) vapors, as well as to typically used LIB electrolytes containing LiTFSI and LiNO3 salts in a mixture of DOL:DME, as well also to LiPF6 salts in a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) at operating temperatures of 200 °C–350 °C with relatively high responses. The combination of the possibility to detect electrolyte vapors used in LIBs and size control by the 3D-DIW printing method makes these heterostructures extremely attractive in controlling the safety of batteries.

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A review of lithium-ion battery safety concerns: The issues, strategies, and testing standards

Cited by 1,007 publications

References 136 publications

An All-Solid-State Coaxial Structural Battery Using Sodium-Based Electrolyte

An All-Solid-State Coaxial Structural Battery Using Sodium-Based Electrolyte

Electrochemical and Nanomechanical Properties of TiO₂ Ceramic Filler Li‐Ion Composite Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Li Metal Batteries

Additive Manufacturing as a Means of Gas Sensor Development for Battery Health Monitoring

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A review of lithium-ion battery safety concerns: The issues, strategies, and testing standards

Cited by 1,007 publications

References 136 publications

An All-Solid-State Coaxial Structural Battery Using Sodium-Based Electrolyte

An All-Solid-State Coaxial Structural Battery Using Sodium-Based Electrolyte

Electrochemical and Nanomechanical Properties of TiO2 Ceramic Filler Li‐Ion Composite Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Li Metal Batteries

Additive Manufacturing as a Means of Gas Sensor Development for Battery Health Monitoring

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Product

Resources

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Electrochemical and Nanomechanical Properties of TiO₂ Ceramic Filler Li‐Ion Composite Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Li Metal Batteries