A review of leishmaniasis in Dalmatia (Croatia) and results from recent surveys on phlebotomine sandflies in three southern counties

Bosnić, Sanja; Gradoni, Luigi; Khoury, Cristina; Maroli, M.

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2006.06.009

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Im westlichen Mittelmeerraum sind für kanine Leishmanieninfektionen Seroprävalenzraten von 1,7 bis 48,4% beschrieben [15]. In Dalmatien (Kroatien) wurden seit den Dreißiger Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts über Infektionen sowohl bei Streunern aus auch bei Haushunden berichtet [16]. In Südkroatien werden getötete oder tot aufgefundene Hunde sowie alle Hunde mit klinischen Anzeichen einer Leishmaniose einer behördlich angeordneten Untersuchung unterzogen [16].…”

Section: Materials Und Methodenunclassified

“…In Dalmatien (Kroatien) wurden seit den Dreißiger Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts über Infektionen sowohl bei Streunern aus auch bei Haushunden berichtet [16]. In Südkroatien werden getötete oder tot aufgefundene Hunde sowie alle Hunde mit klinischen Anzeichen einer Leishmaniose einer behördlich angeordneten Untersuchung unterzogen [16]. Eine neuere serologische Untersuchung von 306 augenscheinlich gesunden Hunden aus Split und Umgebung zeigte eine durchschnittliche Prävalenz von 15% [17].…”

Section: Materials Und Methodenunclassified

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Infektionen mit arthropodenübertragenen Parasiten bei Hunden im Kosovo und in Albanien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Leishmanieninfektionen

Lazri

Duscher

Edelhofer

et al. 2008

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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Currently no information is available regarding canine arthropod-borne parasites in Albania and the Kosovo, especially the zoonotic protozoan Leishmania infantum. Presumably autochtonous cases of human leishmaniosis have been described for some areas (Kosovo: Ferizaj, Gjakovo, Pec, Malisevo; Albania: Tirana, Durres, Elbasan, Shkodra, Vlore). In order to investigate the infection status of dogs of different origin sera from 272 animals (151 from Albania - Tirana, Kamza and Durres; 121 from the Kosovo - Gjakovo, Ferizaj and Prishtina) were obtained. Corresponding blood samples were available from 36 Albanian stray dogs. Antibody titres were determined by Indirect Immunofluorescence Test against L. infantum and Babesia canis. Antigens of Dirofilaria immitis were determined using the DiroCheck-Test. Blood samples were tested for L. infantum, B. canis, Hepatozoon canis, D. immitis and Dirofilaria repens by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Specific antibodies against Babesia were found in 7.3% of the animals, against Leishmania in 3.3% and 7.0% were positive for D. immitis antigen. DNA of Babesia, Leishmania or D. repens was detected in 11.1%, respectively. H. canis was found in 52.8% of the blood samples. D. immitis DNA was not detected. Since the Babesia- and Leishmania-PCR-positive animals were all serologically negative it can be assumed that infections were acquired only recently. All Leishmania-positive animals were stray dogs. These animals contribute to the maintenance of Leishmania transmission in endemic areas, and a control of the canine stray population should be considered.

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Section: Materials Und Methodenunclassified

Infektionen mit arthropodenübertragenen Parasiten bei Hunden im Kosovo und in Albanien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Leishmanieninfektionen

Lazri

Duscher

Edelhofer

et al. 2008

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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“…At north, confirmed or suspected autochthonous CanL and VL cases have been reported from Germany (Gothe et al, 1997;Bogdan et al, 2001;Naucke and Schmitt, 2004;Nauke et al, 2008) and suspected in Austria in the past (Kollaritsch et al, 1989). At east, Dalmatia (Croatia) is traditionally endemic for human VL and CanL (Bosnic et al, 2006).…”

Section: Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment for canine leishmaniasis spreading in the north of Italy

Morosetti¹,

Bongiorno

Beran³

et al. 2009

Geospat Health

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Abstract. The incidence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis has not only been recognized but is, in fact, increasing in territories of northern continental Italy previously regarded as non-endemic. Recent findings of sporadic autochthonous canine infections and the presence of phlebotomine vectors in some provinces of north-eastern Italy have stimulated risk assessment for the spreading of leishmaniasis in the autonomous province of Bolzano-South Tyrol, the northernmost territory of the Italian eastern Alps. In July 2008, 61 phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) were caught and identified as Phlebotomus perniciosus and Sergentomyia minuta. This is the first record in South Tyrol of P. perniciosus, the most competent vector of Leishmania infantum in Mediterranean countries. Leishmania serology on local dogs kept in kennels gave negative results, while only imported canine leishmaniasis cases were reported by local veterinarians through a questionnaire survey. Bio-geographic aspects and epidemiological consequences are analyzed in relation with the risk of leishmaniasis introduction into the area.

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“…In winter 2003, a 4-yr-old male gray wolf was found dead near the village of Trolokve, (altitude 220 m) at 43u38933.40N, 16.13u10910.50E. The site is located on the northwestern border of a region described previously to be endemic for canine leishmaniosis in Croatia (Ž ivičnjak et al, 2005) where Phlebotomus tobbi, a vector of L. infantum, was identified by Bosnić et al (2006). The wolf was frozen and transported to the Department of General Pathology and Pathological Morphology of the Veterinary Faculty, University of Zagreb.…”

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A Case of Visceral Leishmaniosis in a Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) from Croatia

Beck

Kusak

et al. 2008

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:The southern habitats of Croatia's gray wolf (Canis lupus) population are found in central and southern parts of Dalmatia. This region is recognized as an endemic region for canine visceral leishmaniosis, caused by Leishmania infantum. In November 2003, a 4-yr-old male gray wolf was found dead in the northwestern border of this endemic region. Pathologic and parasitologic analysis, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, indicated that lesions associated with infection by Leishmania infantum are, in this case, typical for visceral leshmaniosis commonly described in dogs. Review of the literature suggests that this is the first reported case of gray wolf death due to lesions caused by L. infantum.

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A review of leishmaniasis in Dalmatia (Croatia) and results from recent surveys on phlebotomine sandflies in three southern counties

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

Infektionen mit arthropodenübertragenen Parasiten bei Hunden im Kosovo und in Albanien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Leishmanieninfektionen

Infektionen mit arthropodenübertragenen Parasiten bei Hunden im Kosovo und in Albanien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Leishmanieninfektionen

Risk assessment for canine leishmaniasis spreading in the north of Italy

A Case of Visceral Leishmaniosis in a Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) from Croatia

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