A Review of Inkjet Printed Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes Based Gas Sensors

Abstract

Graphene and carbon nanotube (CNT)-based gas/vapor sensors have gained much traction for numerous applications over the last decade due to their excellent sensing performance at ambient conditions. Inkjet printing various forms of graphene (reduced graphene oxide or modified graphene) and CNT (single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs) or multiwall nanotubes (MWNTs)) nanomaterials allows fabrication onto flexible substrates which enable gas sensing applications in flexible electronics. This review focuses on their recent developments and provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in inkjet printing of graphene and CNT based sensors targeting gases, such as NO2, Cl2, CO2, NH3, and organic vapors. Moreover, this review presents the current enhancements and challenges of printing CNT and graphene-based gas/vapor sensors, the role of defects, and advanced printing techniques using these nanomaterials, while highlighting challenges in reliability and reproducibility. The future potential and outlook of this rapidly growing research are analyzed as well.

3D Printing‐Enabled Nanoparticle Alignment: A Review of Mechanisms and Applications

“…Typically, particle size that influences flowability is less than 5 μm, 1/100 smaller than the nozzle sizes, and the concentration is less than 10 wt%. [34,35,205,206] Many research reports have established the flowassisted alignment physics of anisotropic particles in free liquid micro jets and emerging microdroplets. For example, based on in situ Xray and microscopic analyses, the nozzle dimensions, liquid flow, and particle aspect ratios were the most critical parame ters in determining anisotropic particles' flow orientation [207][208][209] Inkjet has been a great tool in surface patterning and can deposit particles at selective locations, including CNTs and graphene layers.…”

Organic Thin-Film Transistors as Gas Sensors: A Review

“…Alternatively, the analyte molecule may solely cause polarization of the sensing layer, which is detected by a capacitive current. Obviously, the prevalence of each mechanism may be modulated by the operational conditions, especially voltage bias and temperature, since charge-carrier density and analyte adsorption are extremely dependent on these variables [139][140][141][142].…”

Synthesis of Nanoparticles by Spark Discharge as a Facile and Versatile Technique of Preparing Highly Conductive Pt Nano-Ink for Printed Electronics

“…Currently, methods of manufacturing electronic circuits using printed technologies are actively developing for applications in antennas [ 1 , 2 ], transistors [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], sensors [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], displays [ 9 , 10 ], solar cells [ 11 , 12 , 13 ] and others. Printing technologies are based on the selective deposition of material in the form of nano-ink onto a substrate using printing equipment such as inkjet [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], aerosol jet [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], screen [ 21 , 22 ] and other printers. The use of printing technologies provides a significant reduction in the cost and time of manufacturing electronic devices compared to traditional processes in electronics such as lithography, etching and sputtering [ 23 , 24 ].…”